语言学教程（第二版）

List of illustrations
List of tables
Preface to the second edition
A note for course organisers and class teachers
Introduction
Linguistics
Developmental linguistics
Psycholinguistics
Neurolinguistics
Sociolinguistics
Exercises
Further reading and references
Part Ⅰ　Sounds
　1　Introduction
　　Sounds and suprasegmentals
　　Consonants
　　Vowels
　　Suprasegmentals
　　Exercises
　　Sound variation
　　Linguistic variables and sociological variables
　　Stylistic variation
　　Linguistically determined variation
　　Variation and language change
　　Exercises
　　Sound change
　　Consonant change
　　Vowel change
　　The transition problem: regular sound change versus lexical
　　diffusion
　　Suprasegmental change
　　Exercises
　　Phonemes, syllables and phonological processes
　　Phonemes
　　Syllables
　　Syllabification and the Maximal Onset Principle
　　Phonological processes
　　Phonological features
　　Features and processes
　　Constraints in phonology
　　Exercises
　　Child phonology
　　Early achievements
　　Phonological processes in acquisition
　　Perception, production and a dual-lexicon model
　　Exercises
　　Processing sounds
　　Speech perception
　　Speech production
　　Other aspects of phonological processing
　　Exercises
　　Further reading and references
Part Ⅱ　Words
　8 Introduction
　9 Word classes
　　Lexical categories
　　Functional categories
　　The morphological properties of English verbs
　　Exercises
　10 Building words
　　Morphemes
　　Morphological processes - derivation and inflection
　　Compounds
　　Clitics
　　Allomorphy
　　Exercises
　11　Morphology across languages
　　The agglutinative ideal
　　Types of morphological operations
　　Exercises
　12 Word meaning
　　Entailment and hyponymy
　　Meaning opposites
　　Semantic features
　　Dictionaries and prototypes
　　Exercises
　13 Children and words
　　Early words - a few facts
　　Apprentices in morphology
　　The semantic significance of early words
　　Exercises
　14 Lexical processing and the mental lexicon
　　Serial-autonomous versus parallel-interactive processing models
　　On the representation of words in the mental lexicon
　　Exercises
　15 Lexical disorders
　　Words and morphemes in aphasia
　　Agrammatism
　　Paraphasias
　　Dissociations in SLI subjects' inflectional systems
　　Exercises
　16 Lexical variation and change
　　Borrowing words
　　Register: words for brain surgeons and soccer players,
　　hairdressers and lifesavers
　　Biscuit or cookie? Variation and change in word choice
　　Same word - new meaning
　　Variation and change in morphology
　　Exercises
　　Further reading and references
Part Ⅲ　Sentences
　17 Introduction
　18 Basic terminology
　　Categories and functions
　　Complex sentences
　　The functions of clauses
　　Exercises
　19 Sentence structure
　　Merger
　　Tests for constituency
　　Agreement, case assignment and selection
　　Exercises
　20 Empty categories
　　Empty T constituent
　　PRO: the empty subject of infinitive clauses
　　Covert complements
　　Empty cnmplementisers
　　Empty determiners
　　Exercises
　21　Movement
　　Head movement
　　Operator movement
　　Yes-no questions
　　Other types of movement
　　Exercises
　22 Syntactic variation
　　Inversion in varieties of English
　　Syntactic parameters of variation
　　The Null Subject Parameter
　　Parametric differences between English and German
　　Exercises
　23　Sentence meanings and Logical Form
　　Preliminaries
　　Thematic roles
　　A philosophical diversion
　　Covert movement and Logical Form
　　Exercises
　24 Children's sentences
　　Setting parameters: an example
　　Null subjects in early Child English
　　Non-finite clauses in Child English
　　Children's nominals
　　Exercises
　25 Sentence processing
　　Click studies
　　Processing empty categories
　　Strategies of sentence processing
　　Exercises
　26 Syntactic disorders
　　Agrammatism
　　Paragmmmatism
　　Specific Language Impairment (SLI)
　　Exercises
　27 Using sentences
　　Context and pronouns
　　Topic/focus
　　Presuppositions
　　Doing things with words
　　The logic of conversation
　　Context and coherence
　　Relevance Theory
　　Taking turns
　　Exercises
Further reading and references
Conclusion
Appendix I The International Phonetic Alphabet
Appendix 2 Phonological distinctive features
Appendix 3 Distinctive feature matrix for English consonant phonemes
Bibliography
Index