Automobile Engine in theory

Chapter 1 Engine yhermodynamics and Performance Parameters
1.1 Ideal air standard cycles
1.1.1 The ideal air standard Otto cycle
1.1.2 The ideal air standard Diesel cycle
1.1.3 The ideal air standard Dual cycle
1.1.4 Cycle fuel conversion efficiency
1.1.5 Mean effective pressure
1.1.6 Comparison of three basic ideal cycles
1.2 Real cycles of four-stroke engine
1.2.1 Real cycle P-V diagram of four-stroke engine
1.2.2 Comparison With ideal cycles
1.3 Indicated engine performance parameters
1.4 Engine brake performance parameters
1.5 Engine mechanical efficiency and energy balance
1.5.1 Mechanical efficiency
1.5.2 Engine energy balance
Chapter 2 Engine Gas Exchange Processes
2.1 Inlet and exhaust process in four-stroke engine
2.1.1 Gas exchange process of four-stoke engine
2.1.2 Valve timing
2.2 Volumetric ef6ciency
2.3 Effcct of operating conditions and design on volumetricefficiency
Chapter 3 Turbocharging
3.1 Introduction
3.2 Energy available in the exhaust
3.3 Principle and thermodynamics of exhaust turboChargers
3.3.1 Operation principle and characteristics of radial-flow turbine
3.3.2 Operation principle and characteristics of centrifugal compressor
3.4 Spark ignition engines turbocharging
Chapter 4 Fuels and Chemical Thermodynamics
4.1 Conventiona!fuels for internal combustion engine
4.1.1 Characteristics of petrol
4.1.2 Characteristics of diesel fuel
4.2 Alternative fuels
4.2.1 Liquid fuels
4.2.2 Gaseous fuels
4.3 Combustion chemistry
4.3.1 Heating value
4.3.2 Combustion equations
4.3.3 Theoretical air of complete combustion of the fuel
4.3.4 Combustion stoichiometry
Chapter 5 Combustion in Compression-ignition Engines
5.1 Fuel spay and atomization
5.1.1 Fuel injection system
5.1.2 Fuel spray and atomization
5.2 Combustion phenomenon in CI engines
5.2.1 Four phases of CI engine combustion
5.2.2 Delay period(or ignition lag)in CI engines
5.2.3 Detonation in the diesel engine(diesel knock)
5.3 C.I.engine combustion chamber
5.3.1 Direct injection(DI)chambers
5.3.2 Indirect injection(IDI)chambers
Chapter 6 Combustion in Spark Ignition Engines
6.1 Introduction to spark ignition engine
6.2 Combustion phenomenon
6.2.1 Normal combnstion
6.2.2 Flame front propagation in engines
6.2.3 Cyclic variation in combustion
6.3 Abnormal combustion
6.3.1 Surface ignition
6.3.2 Knock(Detonation)
6.4 Combustion chamber in SI engines
6.4.1 Conventional combustion chambers
6.4.2 High compression ratio combustion chambers and fast burn combustion systems
6.4.3 Advanced combustion systems
6.4.4 Direct injection stratified charge engines
Chapter 7 Engine Operating Characteristics
7.1 Engine performance parameters
7.2 Engine load characteristics
7.2.1 Load characteristics of SI engines
7.2.2 Load characteristics of CI engines
7.2.3 Comparison of SI engine load characteristics with CI engine
7.3 Engine speed characteristics
7.3.1 Speed characteristics of SI engines
7.3.2 Speed characteristics of CI engines
7.3.3 Comparison of SI engine speed characteristics With CI engine
7.4 Diesel engine governing characteristics
7.5 Engine performance map(universal characteristics)
Chapter 8 Engine Emissions and Control
8.1 Nature and extent of engine emissions
8.2 Carbon monoxide(CO)
8.3 Hydrocarbon(HC)
8.3.1 HC emissions from SI engines
8.3.2 HC emissions mechanism in CI engines
8.4 Nitrogen oxides(NOx)
8.4.1 Kinetics of NO formation
8.4.2 NO formation in SI engines
8.4.3 NOx formation in CI engines
8.4.4 Formation of NO2
8.5 Particulate emissions
8.5.1 Soark-ignition enaine Darticniates
8.5.2 Diesel particulates
8.6 Emission control
8.6.1 Available options
8.6.2 Exhaust gas recirculation
8.6.3 Catalytic converters
8.6.4 Thermal reactors
8.6.5 Particulate traps
Refcrences