Selection of English sentence patterns

前言
（一）初阶句型
1.（A）He had hardly［scarcely］ closed his eyes before ［when］ the telephone rang.
（B）He had no sooner closed his eyes than the telephone rang.
（C）As soon as he closed his eyes，the telephone rang.
刚……就；一……就
2.（A）I had waited three days before he came back.
（B）I had not waited long before he came back.
没多久……就
3.（A）Stirw ith a metal spoon until the sugar has dissolved.
（B）The traffic laws dont take effect until the end of the year.
（A）直到……时 （B）直到……（才）
4.Unless you pay by credit card，please pay in cash.
除非
5.（A）I will come only if nothing is said to the press.
（B）These snakes only attack if they feel frightened or threat-ened.
只有……（才）……
6.（A）Only when all attempts at negotiation had failed，did the men decide to go on strike.
（B）Not until all attempts at negotiation had failed，did themen decide to go on strike.
待……之时，才……（倒装）
7.（A）You shall want for nothing as long as I live.
（B）Any book will do，so long as it is interesting.
只要……；唯有……
8.（A）He is not so much a scholar as a businessman.
（B）The strength of know ledge consists not so much in its wide spectrum as in its wide application.
与其说……不如说……
9.（A）I don t know him；indeed I have not so much as heard his name.
（B）He left the room without so much as saying a goodbye to me.
甚至不……
10.（A）Poor as he was，he was above selling his honor at any price.
（B）Fool as he is，he can see through the trick.
（C）Little as I like the invitation，I cannot but accept it.
（D）Try as you will，you can t solve the problem.
尽管……
11.（A）Used，as they are，to all sorts of dangers，they are not to be daunted by anything.
（B）Living，as I do，so remote from towns，I rarely have visi-tors.
因为……
12.（A）Thiswatch is as expensive as that one.
（B）John writes as neatly as Mary.
（C）I havent got so much money as I thought.
（D）Try to get as many opinions as you can.
和……一样……
13.（A）His new book is more interesting than his earlier ones.
（B）Some people think much more about their rights than（they do）about their duties.
（C）The new edition is less expensive than the old one.
（D）He visits us less frequently than he used to.
比……更（多/少）
14.（A）He is as brave as any man alive.
（B）He is as brave a man as ever breathed.
（C）He is the bravest man that ever lived.
最……
15.（A）The more learned aman is，the more modesthe usually is.
（B）The later you arrive，the better the food is.
越……就越……
16.（A）It is too cold to go in the sea yet.
（B）I am only too delighted to accept your kind invitation.
太……以至于不能……
17.（A）Credit has been arranged so as to spread the payments over a 10-month period.
（B）These politicians made prom ises simply in order to win more votes.
以便；为了
18.（A）He was so fat that he couldnt get through the door.
（B）His statement was so ambiguous as to be totally meaning-less.
（C）Many contestants later failed drug tests，so that the race had to be rerun.
太……以至于……
19.（A）The nature of the job was such thathe feltobliged to tell no one about it.
（B）Its such a tiny kitchen that I dont have to do much to keep it clean.
（C）His manner was such as to offend everyone who he met.
如此……以至于……
20.（A）He used to smoke fifty cigarettes a day.
（B）Dare you climb that tree?
（C）I didn t need to go to the office yesterday.
（A）过去经常 （B）敢…… （C）没必要
21.（A）It s no good complaining.
（B）Imust insist on him ［his］ paying.
（C）He denied taking the pen.
动名词句法
22.（A）One cannot but admire him.
（B）We couldnt help but admire her courage.
（C）I cant help feeling that it was a mistake to let him go.
不得不……
23.（A）The guide-book is not only interesting but also instructive.
（B）He not only washed the car，but（also）polished it.
（C）Not only did he hear it，but he saw it aswell.
（D）He not only writes his own plays，he also acts in them.
不仅……，而且……
24.（A）You would do well to consult him on the subject.
（B）You had better make some notes.
（A）最好还是 （B）还是……好
25.（A）Anything，exceptwater，is likely to block a sink.
（B）This essay is good except for some careless mistakes.
（C）He is a good student except thathe is occasionally careless.
除……之外
26.（A）He tends to put self-interest above everything（else）.
（B）I want to be honest，honest above everything else.
高于；先于
27.（A）They raised prices and cut production，instead of cutting costs.
（B）It is not an idea around which the committee can unite.On the contrary，I see it as one thatw ill divide us.
（A）而不是…… （B）正相反
28.（A）There is no alternative［choice］ but to fire him.
（B）We can do nothing but fire him.
根本不
151.（A）I dont doubt but that you re telling the truth.
（B）Excuse me，but I think you re wrong there.
but的用法（本身无意义）
152.（A）For every two bucks you take in，you can stick one in your pocket!
（B）For every one who wanted him to play Mozart，ten wanted him to play Beethoven.
每……就有……
153.（A）Oh，that I could see her again!
（B）That he should speak to me like this!
感叹句
154.（A）Iwould pay you if I could.But as it is I cannot.
（B）Hes a sort of unpaid adviser，as itwere，to the committee.
（A）实际上 （B）可谓
155.He goes to work early；before the office is awake，so to speak.
可谓
156.（A）It was thoughtless，if well-meaning.
（B）Hes a real gentleman，if a little pompous at times.
即使；虽然
157.（A）It is nothing if not a good idea.
（B）The holiday is nothing if not varied.
非常；极其
158.The anthrosphere is the biosphere as affected by human activities.
说明某事物的特性
159.Come on—get with it!
时新，时髦
160.（A）This pub is where its at.（B）Jogging is where its at.
热闹或时髦的场所或活动
161.（A）“Can I have two bottles of beer please?”“There you are，that ll be＄6please.”
（B）There you go（again）—jumping to conclusions on the slightest evidence.
（C）Those children have been lighting fires in the park—so they re at it again，are they?
拿去吧；又来这一套了
主要参考书目
句型索引
大陆台湾英语常用语法术语中译对照表
（A）除了……以外别无其他选择 （B）只好
29.（A）His friends and colleagues will be very upset，not to speak of his parents.
（B）He had to go to prison for a month，to say nothing of the fine.
更不用说；何况
30.（A）I wonder whether she can come.
（B）Whether you like it or not，youre going to face him one day.
（C）Im sure well see each other again soon whether here or in New York.
是否
31.（A）I wish I were rich.
（B）She wished she had stayed at home.
（C）I wish the snow would stop.
但愿……
32.（A）If only I could swim!
（B）If he had only come earlier!
（C）If you would only try harder!
要是……多好!
33.（A）It would be worth while trying even though it may not succeed at once.
（B）He did well in his exam ination，even if he didnt get a prize.
即使；纵然
34.I feel as if［as though］ Im floating on air.
好像；似乎；仿佛
35.（A）Im taking a raincoat with me in case I need it.
（B）We have a memorial service every year lest we（should）forget our debt to those who died in battle.
（C）I bought the car at once for fear that he might change his mind.
免得；以防（万一）
36.（A）If Henry were here，he would know the answer.
（B）If John has worked hard，he would have passed the exam ination.
（C）If you went there，you would see what I mean.
（D）If our train were to arrive punctually，we should have time to visit your sister.
（E）If you should change your mind，please let me know.
如果……
37.（A）Were John here now，he would explain the whole matter.
（B）Had you asked me，I would have told you the answer.
（C）Were our train to arrive punctually，we should have time to visit your sister.
（D）Should you need help，please let me know.
如果……（倒装句法）
38.（A）Whenever I come it rains.
（B）No matter when I come，it rains.
每当……；无论何时
39.（A）Wherever you go，you can t escape from yourself.
（B）No matterwhere you go，you cant escape from yourself.
无论何处
40.（A）Whatever I say，I seem to say the wrong thing.
（B）No matterwhat I say，I seem to say the wrong thing.
无论什么
41.（A）No matter how far it is，I intend to drive there tonight.
（B）However far it is，I intend to drive there tonight.
不管怎样
42.（A）It is obvious that money doesnt grow on trees.
（B）That money doesnt grow on trees should be obvious.
（C）The fact that money doesnt grow on trees is obvious.
名词分句“that”-clause
43.（A）She finds it boring to stay at home.
（B）I find it strange that she doesnt want to travel.
先行代词it
44.（A）It was Jane who paid for the meal yesterday.
（B）It was the meal that Jane paid for yesterday.
（C）It was yesterday that Jane paid for the meal.
断裂句
45.（A）It is true he is young，but he is prudent for his age.
（B）True，there are so many options open to me，but I have difficulty（in） determining which one is best.
的确；真的
46.（A）He was surprised at the news.
（B）He was surprised to hear the news.
（C）He is surprised that you re going abroad.
be surprised的三种句法
47.（A）Scratching his head，he confessed that he was puzzled.
（B）Living in the country，we had few social engagements.
（C）Using a sharp axe，he fought his way into the building.
（D）The plane crashed into the mountain，killing and injuring 400 people.
现在分词短语
48.Filled with confusion，he left the room.
过去分词短语
49.（A）With the introduction of market economy，the situation is getting better and better.
（B）You must actwith discretion.
（C）Dont stand with your hands in your pockets.
（D）With the bridge destroyed，there was nothing for it but to swim.
随着；由于；因为
50.（A）Glad of having her company，John welcomed Mary.
（B）Full of apologies，the manager approached us.
（C）He came out of the prison a changed man.
（D）They returned，hungry and exhausted.
主语补足语
（二）中阶句型
51.（A）When ordering a vehicle，you have to pay a deposit.
（B）Though beaten，we were not disgraced.
（A）现在分词短语代替分句 （B）过去分词短语代替分句
52.（A）Behind the desk was a middle-aged woman.
（B）Heres my card.
（C）Never have I experienced such agony.
（D）So sudden was the attack that we had no time to escape.
倒装句法
53.（A）Frank adores dogs and so does his wife.
（B）“Dont forget your brother is coming round for dinner.”“So he is.Id better prepare some more food.”
（A）同样 （B）的确
54.（A）We cannot praise him too much.
（B）The importance of physical training cannot be overempha-sized.
再……也不为过；越……越好
55.（A）I do not despise him because he is poorly dressed.
（B）The mountain is not magnificent because it is high.
不……因为……
56.（A）There is no staying at home in this fine weather.
（B）It is no use crying over spiltm ilk.
（A）无法…… （B）……是没用的
57.Theres nothing like a long hot bath after a day s climbing.
没有什么能比得上；以……为最
58.（A）Theres nothing to fixing a radio if you know how.
（B）What he has achieved is nothing to what lies ahead.
（A）在……方面不费事 （B）与……比没什么了不起
59.（A）He is something of a philosopher.
（B）He is very much of a philosopher.
（A）算得上是个…… （B）了不起的……
60.（A）She s just a slip of a girl.
（B）That fool of a John has forgotten to clean my boots.
相似（of）
61.（A）He is no more a philosopher than I am.
（B）He is not a philosopher anymore than I am.
（C）He can no more effect the impossible than we can.
（D）He cannot effect the impossible anymore than we can.
同……一样不……
62.（A）The store is more than happy to deliver goods to your home.
（B）Doctors have been less than successful in treating this condition.
（A）非常；极其 （B）不很；很不
63.（A）He is as happy as she is sad.（B）He is more shy than unsocial.
（A）相当于 （B）与其说……倒不如说……
64.（A）I like him all the better for his criticism.
（B）She does not love me the less for my faults.
（A）因为 （B）虽然……还是……
65.（A）You might as well reason with the wolf as try to persuade that man.
（B）I suppose we may as well get started.
（C）The taxi was so slow，we might just as well have gone on the bus.
（A）还不如 （B）不妨 （C）正好
66.（A）What you say may well be true.
（B）One maywell ask why you act like this.
（A）可能 （B）有理由
67.（A）In theory as well as in practice，the idea has proved to be sound.
（B）Aswell as breaking his leg，he hurt his arm.
（A）和 （B）除……之外
68.（A）He would rather play than work.（B）I would rather you stayed at home.
（C）Rather than cause ［causing］ trouble，Im going to forget the whole affair.
（A）宁可……而不…… （B）宁可 （C）与其……不如……
69.（A）Ill have you know that Im a qualified engineer.
（B）I ll have you speaking English in six months.
（C）Have you had your hair cut?
have的用法
70.To his great surprise，he was offered both jobs.
使；致使
71.（A）It is cold for the season.
（B）She is tall for a woman.
就……而言
72.（A）He took me by the hand.
（B）He struck me on the head.
（C）She looked me in the face.
用the来代替所有格代词
73.The road is good and long.
非常；完全
74.（A）He is the last person to trust.
（B）This is the last thing I expect him to do.
（C）This is the last place I expected to have met you.
最不可能的
75.（A）He is above corruption.
（B）The idiom is above reproach.
超乎……之所及
76.I finally found my watch，only to discover that it had stopped.
不料；反而
77.（A）The book is likely to be useful，only its rather expensive.
（B）He would have joined the army，only you objected.
（A）但是 （B）要不是；若非
78.（A）Work hard and you will pass the exam ination.
（B）A mere glance at him and I realized what he was up to.
那么；便
79.（A）For all his great wealth，he is not happy.
（B）With all this rain，there ll be a good crop.
虽然；尽管
80.（A）They may be lying for allwe know.
（B）The evidence may have been destroyed for all they care.
for all的用法
81.（A）How can she succeed when she refuses to work hard?
（B）I cant tell you anything when you wont listen.
（C）Why do you have to stay here for four hours when you can finish the work in less than two.
如果；既然；其实
82.While he admitted that he had received the stolen jewellery，he denied having taken part in the robbery.
尽管；虽然
83.（A）If ever there was the right person in the right job it was she.
（B）Few，if any，buyerswere found.
（C）Itwas an excellent concert.If I had any disappointment at all，it was the end.
（A）要是说……的话 （B）即使有 （C）如果……的话
84.They did not intend even to tell the authorities about the experiments，still［much］ less seek their approval.
更不必说；何况
85.（A）But for your help，I would still be homeless.
（B）If it werent for your help，I would still be homeless.
（C）He would have helped us but that（=if it had not been for the fact that）he was short of money at the time.
要不是……；幸亏……
86.（A）Privatization is thought to be beneficial in that it promotes competition.
（B）Public interest differs from self-interest in that the former puts the interests of the public above everything（else）.
（A）因为…… （B）在于
87.（A）The food is good and the same is true of［for］ the service.
（B）Expenditure on health in these countries has gone down，and the same holds true for education.
符合于
88.I wouldnt want to move for anything in the world.
无论如何
89.（A）I got this bicycle for nothing:my friend gave me it when she bought a new one.
（B）All our preparations were ［went］ for nothing because the exam was cancelled.
（A）不花费地 （B）徒劳地
90.（A）It may be that your circum stances are different or unusual，in which case we can ensure that you have taken the right action.
（B）I never met John again，which was a pity.
which的用法
91.“I want you to go home.”—“I m staying here，and（so）thats that.”
就是这样
92.What with all this work and so little sleep at nights I dont think I can go on much longer.
由于……
93.She gets Saturdays off in her new job as againstworking alternate weekends in her last one.
与……比较
94.（A）You have only to read the newspaper to see what has happened.
（B）You dont have to be a technician to operate the machine.
（A）只要……就能 （B）做……不必非要……不可
95.（A）He describes him self as a doctor.
（B）Don t accept anything you see on TV as true.
（C）Do you see English teaching as being principally an education in values?
as的句型
96.（A）The local community is still reliant on traditional industries such as farming and mining.
（B）Such food as they gave us was warm and nutritious.
such as和such as的句型
97.（A）The night had turned cold，as is usual around here.
（B）Her pregnancy was not sevenmonths along，as he had believed，but only five.
（C）I have told you this story just as it happened.
as的句型
98.Their motive is money，and they will stop at nothing to get it.
不择手段
99.（A）He was courageous but short on wisdom.
（B）He is long on experience but short on scholarship.
（不）擅长
100.They danced to the regular beat of the drums.
随同；伴随着
（三）高阶句型
101.（A）They accused the company of failing to safeguard，the public.
（B）She was charged with theft.
（C）They were indicted for manslaughter.
（D）The jury acquitted him of murder.
动词句型
102.（A）All the students praised the new novel for its originality.
（B）The manager was highly commended for his organizational skills.
（C）We were criticized for failing to complete the project.
（D）He blamed her for the failure of their marriage.
动词句型
103.（A）She acquainted them with the facts.
（B）We should familiarize ourselves with the rules before we start to play the game.
（C）As there s no cream，well have to content ourselves with black coffee.
动词句型
104.（A）The man knocked her down and robbed her of her watch.
（B）This soap may help clear your skin of spots.
（C）This legislation will deprive them of their most basic rights.
（D）We must rid the house of mice.
（E）Measures have to be taken to purge the party of racists.
动词句型
105.（A）She owes her successmore to luck than to ability.
（B）We owe this discovery to Einstein.
（C）He ascribed his failure to bad luck.
（D）She attributed her success to hard work.
（E）This play is usually ascribed（or attributed）to Shakespeare.
动词句型
106.（A）We regard him as a world-class tennis player.
（B）The seller described it as a vintage car.
（C）All the students praised the new play as highly original.（D）We accepted his story as true.
动词句型
107.（A）We like to have our friends visit us on Sunday.
（B）What would you have me do?
（C）He soon had them all laughing.
（D）We shall soon have the mists coming down on us.（E）We cant have you doing that.
动词句型
108.（A）He painted the room blue.
（B）Peter prefers his coffee black.
（C）The mayor declared the meeting open（closed）.
（D）You must think me very silly.
动词句型
109.（A）His complaints went unnoticed.
（B）They fell silent.
（C）The weather stayed warm all week.
（D）The situation remains unchanged.
动词句型
110.（A）They left the guests waiting outside.
（B）The teacher s remarks set all the students thinking.
（C）Please start（or get）the clock going.
（D）The explosion sent things flying in all directions.
动词句型
111.（A）We made John chairman.
（B）The club elected Frank treasurer.
（C）We declare Smith the winner.
（D）The rebels are holding her prisoner.
动词句型
112.Why should they，of all people，believe that this is the right thing to do?
在所有的……中（偏偏）
113.The vote as good as kills the chance of real reform.
几乎
114.（A）The book has been translated into no less than forty languages.
（B）They wont sell the shirts for less than ten dollars.
（A）不少（低）于 （B）少（低）于
115.（A）Who but a mad man would administer a deadly poison?
（B）All but one of the thieves were caught.
（C）She was all but stark naked.
除了……之外；几乎
116.（A）There is something in what he says.
（B）Theres nothing in the rumours that shes pregnant.
（不）值得重视的事物
117.（A）Putting it mildly，you have caused us some inconvenience.
（B）To be perfectly frank，I think thats a crazy idea.
（C）What smore，we lost all our belongings.
分词短语用作插入语
118.（A）Surprisingly，this tendency has declined in recent years.
（B）She is highly skilled at her work；and，more important，she is happy in it.
（C）The novel was allegedly written by a ten-year-old girl.
用副词修饰整个句子
119.Over and above his teaching duties，he is the chairman of two committees.
除……之外（还）
120.（A）No further discussion arising，the meeting was brought to a close.
（B）It being a bank holiday，all the shops were shut.
（C）There being no further business，I declared the meeting closed.
带有分词的独立结构
121.（A）He is［went］ on record as having opposed this law.
（B）May I speak off the record?
正式公开地表示
122.（A）He didnt look nervous，if anything，he looked only slightly perplexed.
（B）There were no troops south of the river or north of it，for that matter.
（A）甚至还不如说 （B）而且
123.（A）She is beauty itself.（B）He is all attention.
非常……
124.（A）Air is to us whatwater is to fish.
（B）What lungs are to the human，leaves are to the plant.
就像……一样
125.（A）As rust eats into iron，so care eats into the heart.
（B）Just as the French like their wine，so the English like their beer.
正如……也……
126.（A）Ill have a glass myself，if only to stop you from drinking it all.
（B）Youll have to back out of the race if only because you can save face.
（C）If only for your own piece of mind you should know where the enemy came from.
仅仅……
127.（A）You ought to know better than to trust him.
（B）He says he didnt cheat，but I know better.
（A）很懂得 （B）不再不当
128.（A）It s about time（that）he learned to look after him self.
（B）It s（high）time（that）he were［was］ taught a lesson.
该做……的时候了
129.（A）There may be an announcement about this tomorrowor not as the case may be.
（B）I accept that hes old and frail；be that as it may，hes still a good politician.
（A）看情形 （B）尽管如此
130.（A）He is a brilliant scholar and is everywhere recognized as such.
（B）He didnt suffer a nervous breakdown as such，it was more a reaction to overwork.
（A）如所指的人或事那样 （B）确切地说
131.（A）Youre welcome to borrow my car such as it is.
（B）You may use the machines such as they are.
尽管价值不过如此
132.（A）She is still at her best.
（B）This was Johnson at his most powerful.
处于最佳状态
133.（A）It is a new idea，and a good one at that.
（B）I lost a book and that a rare one.
此外；而且
134.We are entering a period of less danger in so far as［insofar as，inasmuch as］ the danger of nuclearwar between the superpowers is less.
只要……
135.（A）Not that I dislike the job，but that I am unequal to it.
（B）If he had said so not that he ever did it would have been a lie.
（A）不是……而是 （B）并非
136.（A）The house is being built.
（B）Are you being difficult?
（C）He is being a nuisance.
being的用法
137.（A）Keep shoes on plastic racks piled on top of each other，as in a shop.
（B）As with so much in the Sixties，it was Authority that was challenged.
正如
138.There was not a single person there but thought you were in the right.
没有……而不……
139.（A）Who knows but that what he says is true?We have no proof that he is lying.
（B）Who are you that you should speak thus to me?
（A）表示怀疑 （B）你是谁，竟敢……
140.（A）The meeting was attended by no less a person than the President of the United States.
（B）His case is supported by the Police Complaints Committee，no less.
（A）正是……本人 （B）居然
141.（A）His appearance in the show was nothing less than a sensation.
（B）It was nothing more than a shower.
（A）不亚于…… （B）仅仅
142.（A）Their relationship is certainly not anything like as close as ours.
（B）The cast is large，though nothing like as numerous as one might suppose.
（A）全然 （B）绝对不
143.His last trip to that place was nothing［little］ short of a fiasco.
几乎；完全
144.Nothing other than a m iracle can save her now.
除了……
145.He suggested，among other things，that she and her brother might stay there for a few days.
除了别的以外（还）
146.（A）He stopped short of explicitly criticizing the government.
（B）They have no means，short of civilwar，to enforce their will upon the minorities.
（A）险些做…… （B）除……外
147.Ill teach you to call him a liar!
教训
148.（A）He tried and tried for all he was worth，but it wouldnt work.
（B）Heres the article I promised you，for what ［all］ its worth.
（A）竭尽全力 （B）不论好坏（价值）
149.New York is a noisy city，but then its also the placewhere you get the best entertainment.
不过；在另一方面
150.The operation was anything but funny.