Van Loon’s geography

043024-01.txt
目
录
1．我们生活的世界还生活着其他人/
And These Are the People Who Live in the World We Live in 1
2．“地理”一词的定义以及我将在本书中如何使用它/
A Definition of the Word Geography and How I Shall Apply It in the Present Volume 12
3．我们的行星：它的习性、风俗以及举止/
Our Planet: Its Habits, Customs and Manners 15
4．地图。非常简洁的一章但却描述了一个庞大而吸引人的话题。
关于人们慢慢学会了如何在这个行星上找到路线的几点观察/
Maps. A very Brief Chapter upon a very Big and Fascinating Subject. Together with a Few Observations on the Way People Slowly Learned How to Find Their Way on This Planet of Ours 41
5．季节以及它们是怎样变化的/
The Seasons and How They happen 58
6．想想这个星球上的小块旱地，为什么其中一些被称为洲，
而另外一些却不是/
Concerning the Little Spots of Dry Land on This Planet and Why
Some of Them are Called Continents While Others are not 62
7．关于欧洲的发现以及生活在那里的人们/ Of the Discovery of Europe and the Sort of People Who Live in That Part of the World 72
8．希腊，东地中海的岩石岬角，连接古老亚洲和新兴欧洲的桥梁/
Greece, the Rocky Promontory of the Eastern Mediterranean Which Acted as the Connecting Link Between the Old Asia and the New Europe 77
9．意大利，它的地理情况使它一旦时机成熟就能充当海上霸
主或陆上霸主的角色/ Italy, the Country Which due to Its Geographical Situation
Could Play the Role of a Sea-Power or a Land-Power,
as the Occasion Demanded 90
10．西班牙，非洲和欧洲碰撞处/
Spain, Where Africa and Europe Clashed 113
11．法国，拥有想要的一切的国家/
France, the Country That Has Everything It Wants 127
12．比利时，纸片缔造的国家，除了内部和谐，拥有一切/
Belgium, A Country Created by Scraps of Paper and Rich in Everything except Internal Harmony 145
13．卢森堡，历史奇迹/
Luxemburg, the Historical Curiosity 151
14．瑞士，高山上的国家，拥有优秀的学校和团结的
国民——讲四种不同的语言/
Switzerland, the Country of High Mountains, Excellent Schools and
a Unified People Who Speak Four Different Languages 154
15．德国，建立得太晚的国家/
Germany, the Nation That was Founded too Late 162
16．奥地利，一个不受人重视的国家，除非它不再存在/
Austria, the Country That Nobody Appreciated Until It no
Longer Existed 175
17．丹麦，在某些方面是小国胜过大国的典范/
Denmark, An Object Lesson in Certain Advantages of Small Countries over Large Ones 181
18．冰岛，北冰洋中有趣的政治实验室/
Iceland, An Interesting Political Laboratory in the Arctic Ocean 187
19．斯堪的纳维亚半岛，瑞典王国与挪威王国的领地/
The Scandinavian Peninsula, The Territory Occupied by the Kingdoms of Sweden and Norway 192
20．荷兰，北海岸堤上的沼泽，它却变成了一个帝国/
The Netherlands, the Swamp On the Banks of the North Sea That Became An Empire 204
21．大不列颠，荷兰海岸线外的一个岛屿，为全人类1/4的
人口谋幸福/
Great Britain, An Island off the Dutch Coast Which Is Responsible
For the Happiness of Fully One-Quarter of the Human Race 211
22．俄罗斯，其地理位置让人难以断定它是欧洲的一部分
还是亚洲的一部分/
Russia, the Country Which Was Prevented By Its Geographical
Location From Ever Finding Out Whether It Was Part of Europe
Or of Asia 233
23．波兰，遭受作为走廊之痛的国家，而现在却拥有自己的走廊/
Poland, the Country That Had always suffered from Being a Corridor and Therefore now Has a Corridor of Its Own 256
24．捷克斯洛伐克，《凡尔赛和约》的产物/
Czechoslovakia, a Product of the Treaty of Versailles 261
25．南斯拉夫，《凡尔赛和约》的另一个产物/
Yugoslavia, Another Product of the Treaty of Versailles 265
26．保加利亚，巴尔干国家中最健全者，因爱好收集蝴蝶的国王
在世界大战中押错了宝而自食其果/
Bulgaria, the Soundest of All Balkan Countries, Whose Butterfly-
Collecting King Bet on the Wrong Horse during the Great War and
Suffered the Consequences 269
27．罗马尼亚，拥有石油和皇室的国家/
Romania, a Country Which Has Oil and a Royal Family 274
28．匈牙利，及它的那些遗物/
Hungary, or What Remains of It 278
29．芬兰，另一个通过智慧和勤奋战胜恶劣自然环境的例子/
Finland, Another Example of What Hard Work and Intelligence can Achieve amid Hostile Natural Surroundings 283
30．亚洲的发现/
The Discovery of Asia 286
31．对于世界其他地方而言，亚洲意味着什么/
What Asia has Meant to the Rest of the World 290
32．中亚高地/
The Central Asiatic Highlands 293
33．亚洲西部大高原/
The Great Western Plateau of Asia 303
34．阿拉伯，何时是亚洲的一部分，何时又不是/
Arabia—or When is a Part of Asia not a Part of Asia 319
35．印度，自然和人类同时在从事大规模生产的地方/
　　India, Where Nature and Man are Engaged in Mass-Production 325
36．占据另一个南亚大半岛的缅甸、泰国、安南以及马六甲/
Burma, Siam, Anam and Malacca, Which Occupy the Other Great Southern Peninsula of Asia 339
37．中国，东亚大半岛/
The Republic of China, the Great Peninsula of Eastern Asia 346
38．朝鲜、蒙古/
Korea, Mongolia 364
39．日本帝国/
The Japanese Empire 369
40．菲律宾，墨西哥的古老辖地/
The Philippines, an old Administrative Part of Mexico 383
41．荷属东印度，尾大不掉/
The Dutch East Indies, the Tail That Wags the Dog 388
42．澳大利亚，大自然的养子/
Australia, the Step-Child of Nature 395
43．新西兰/
New Zealand 407
44．太平洋上的岛屿，在那里，人们既不辛勤工作，也不会胡扯，
却同我们一样地生活着/
The Islands of the Pacific Where People Neither Toiled Nor
Spun but Lived Just the Same 412
45．非洲，矛盾与对立的大陆/
Africa, the Continent of Contradictions and Contrasts 415
46．美洲，幸运之洲/
America, the Most Fortunate of All 456
47．新世界/
A New World 486
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