简介
Summary:
Publisher Summary 1
`Vital reading material for undergraduate students, as well as those working at a more advanced level.' Liverpool John Moores University
The Fundamentals of Biomedical Science Series is written to reflect the challenges of praclising biomedical science today. It draws together essential basic science with insights into laboratory practice to show how an understanding of the biology of disease is coupled to the analytical approaches that lead to diognosis.
Immunology gives an insight into the function of the immune system from the perspective of the Biomedical Scientist based in an immunology laboratory.
The main strength is the description of the methods used in a laboratory setting. This is a unique feature and makes it stand out from other textbooks in the area.---Dr Fiona L. Heriquez, University of the West of Scotland
Students not only get to understand what is happening, but they begin to see why this is important, how this can affect the patient, and what it could mean to them in the diagnostic laboratory.---Glenn Hussey, Keele University
Publisher Summary 2
Designed to reflect the challenges of practicing biomedical science today, The Fundamentals of Biomedical Science series combines essential basic science with insights into laboratory practice, demonstrating how an understanding of the biology of disease is coupled with the analytical approaches that lead to diagnosis. Assuming only a minimum of prior knowledge, the series reviews the full range of disciplines to which a biomedical scientist may be exposed, from microbiology to cytopathology to transfusion science.
A new volume in this exciting series, Immunologyoffers biomedical science students insights into the function of the immune system, the frontline of defense against pathological disease, and the diagnostic techniques used to identify associated malfunctions and disorders. By examining the key immunological principles and scientific basis of laboratory techniques--with a focus on the biomedical scientist's role in the diagnostic laboratory--the authors provide students with everything they need to know in order to prepare for specialist studies in immunology. Case studies cover current tests, the rationale behind their use, the technologies employed, the quality measures applied, and the ways in which clinicians interpret test results in order to help patients.
Immunologyis enhanced by numerous examples and full color throughout. A Companion Website offers resources for students and instructors, including a fully interactive digital microscope with a range of cell and tissue images for examination.
目录
Table Of Contents:
1 Introduction to the clinical immunology laboratory 1(5)
Angela Hall
Don Henderson
Introduction 1(1)
1.1 Immunology 2(1)
1.2 Immunology in biomedical science 3(3)
Chapter Summary 5(1)
Discussion Questions 5(1)
2 Immunoglobulins 6(37)
Lynn Follows
Phillip A Whitfield
Introduction 6(1)
2.1 Immunoglobulins 6(6)
2.2 The monoclonal gammopathies 12(2)
2.3 Quantification of immunoglobulins 14(19)
2.4 Cerebrospinal fluid and isoelectric focusing 33(4)
2.5 Cryoglobulins 37(6)
Chapter Summary 40(1)
Further Reading 41(1)
Discussion Questions 42(1)
3 Allergy 43(27)
Alistair Crockard
I J Ansotegui
Introduction 43(1)
3.1 Allergy terminology 43(1)
3.2 Allergens 44(1)
3.3 Allergy mechanisms 45(1)
3.4 Clinical features of allergic diseases 46(2)
3.5 Clinical diagnosis 48(3)
3.6 Laboratory diagnosis 51(1)
3.7 Allergen standardization 52(1)
3.8 Cross-reactivity 53(1)
3.9 Recombinant allergens 54(3)
3.10 Microarray-based allergy testing 57(1)
3.11 Quality assurance 57(2)
3.12 Total IgE measurements 59(1)
3.13 IgG antibodies 60(1)
3.14 Flow cytometric analyses 61(3)
3.15 Measurement of mediators released during allergic reactions 64(1)
3.16 Mast cell tryptase 64(2)
3.17 Eosinophil cationic protein (ECP) 66(4)
Chapter Summary 67(1)
Further Reading 68(1)
Discussion Questions 69(1)
4 Complement 70(20)
Mo Moody
Tariq El-Shanawany
Paul Williams
Paul Morgan
Introduction 70(1)
4.1 Actions of complement 71(3)
4.2 Regulation of complement 74(1)
4.3 Complement deficiencies 75(4)
4.4 Measurement of complement activity 79(6)
4.5 Cl inhibitor deficiency 85(2)
4.6 Autoantibodies against complement components and complexes 87(1)
4.7 Complement allotyping 88(2)
Chapter Summary 89(1)
Further Reading 89(1)
Discussion Questions 89(1)
5 Autoimmune rheumatological disease 90(18)
Peter J Charles
Introduction 90(1)
5.1 Systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE) 91(1)
5.2 Rheumatoid arthritis (RA) 92(2)
5.3 Scleroderma 94(1)
5.4 Sjogren's syndrome 95(1)
5.5 Polymyositis and dermatomyositis 96(1)
5.6 Anti-phospholipid syndrome (APS) 96(1)
5.7 Overlapping connective tissue diseases 97(1)
5.8 Autoantibodies 98(10)
Chapter Summary 106(1)
Further Reading 107(1)
Discussion Questions 107(1)
6 Autoimmune kidney disease 108(11)
Peter J Charles
Introduction 108(1)
6.1 Goodpasture's (anti-GBM) disease 109(1)
6.2 Wegener's granulomatosis 109(1)
6.3 Microscopic polyangiitis (MPA) 110(1)
6.4 Autoantibodies in autoimmune kidney diseases 111(2)
6.5 Aetiology and pathogenesis of ANCA antibodies 113(1)
6.6 Methods of detection 114(5)
Chapter Summary 117(1)
Further Reading 118(1)
Discussion Questions 118(1)
7 Organ-specific autoimmunity 119(32)
Robert J Lock
Introduction 119(2)
7.1 Autoimmune thyroid disease 121(6)
7.2 Coeliac disease 127(9)
7.3 Pernicious anaemia 136(3)
7.4 Autoimmune endocrinopathies 139(12)
Chapter Summary 148(1)
Further Reading 149(1)
Discussion Questions 149(2)
8 Autoimmune liver diseases 151(23)
Edward Davies
Introduction 151(1)
8.1 Autoimmune hepatitis (AIH) 152(9)
8.2 Autoimmune sclerosing cholangitis (ASC) 161(1)
8.3 Primary biliary cirrhosis (PBC) 162(6)
8.4 Overlap syndromes 168(2)
8.5 Technical notes 170(4)
Chapter Summary 173(1)
Further Reading 173(1)
Discussion Questions 173(1)
9 Neuroimmunology 174(36)
Abid R Karim
S Jacob
Introduction 174(1)
9.1 Epidemiology of paraneoplastic syndrome 175(1)
9.2 Clinical features of paraneoplastic syndromes 175(7)
9.3 Malignancies Commonly associated with PNS 182(1)
9.4 Paraneoplastic neurological antibodies (PNA) 182(6)
9.5 Well-characterized antibodies 188(8)
9.6 Partially characterized antibodies 196(3)
9.7 Antibodies with or without cancer 199(3)
9.8 Treatment of paraneoplastic syndromes 202(1)
9.9 Miscellaneous antibodies 203(7)
Chapter Summary 208(1)
Further Reading 208(1)
Acknowledgements 209(1)
Discussion Questions 209(1)
10 Flow cytometry and primary immunodeficiency 210(26)
Dawn Barge
Introduction 210(1)
10.1 Lymphocyte subsets 211(4)
10.2 T cells 215(6)
10.3 B cells 221(2)
10.4 Natural killer (NK) cells 223(1)
10.5 Additional antibodies 224(2)
10.6 Inducible antigens 226(3)
10.7 Intracellular staining 229(1)
10.8 Functional assays 230(1)
10.9 Neutrophil defects 231(5)
Chapter Summary 234(1)
Further Reading 235(1)
Discussion Questions 235(1)
11 Human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) 236(17)
Alison Cox
Introduction 236(1)
11.1 The human immunodeficiency virus 236(1)
11.2 The life cycle of HIV 237(2)
11.3 Transmission of HIV 239(1)
11.4 Effects of HIV on the immune system 239(1)
11.5 Clinical features of HIV infection 240(1)
11.6 Progression to AIDS 241(1)
11.7 Laboratory diagnosis of HIV infection 242(4)
11.8 Treatment regimens for HIV-1 infections 246(4)
11.9 Prevention of HIV transmission and infection 250(3)
Chapter Summary 250(1)
Discussion Questions 251(2)
References 253(4)
Glossary 257(4)
Abbreviations 261(2)
Hints and tips for discussion questions 263(6)
Index 269
1 Introduction to the clinical immunology laboratory 1(5)
Angela Hall
Don Henderson
Introduction 1(1)
1.1 Immunology 2(1)
1.2 Immunology in biomedical science 3(3)
Chapter Summary 5(1)
Discussion Questions 5(1)
2 Immunoglobulins 6(37)
Lynn Follows
Phillip A Whitfield
Introduction 6(1)
2.1 Immunoglobulins 6(6)
2.2 The monoclonal gammopathies 12(2)
2.3 Quantification of immunoglobulins 14(19)
2.4 Cerebrospinal fluid and isoelectric focusing 33(4)
2.5 Cryoglobulins 37(6)
Chapter Summary 40(1)
Further Reading 41(1)
Discussion Questions 42(1)
3 Allergy 43(27)
Alistair Crockard
I J Ansotegui
Introduction 43(1)
3.1 Allergy terminology 43(1)
3.2 Allergens 44(1)
3.3 Allergy mechanisms 45(1)
3.4 Clinical features of allergic diseases 46(2)
3.5 Clinical diagnosis 48(3)
3.6 Laboratory diagnosis 51(1)
3.7 Allergen standardization 52(1)
3.8 Cross-reactivity 53(1)
3.9 Recombinant allergens 54(3)
3.10 Microarray-based allergy testing 57(1)
3.11 Quality assurance 57(2)
3.12 Total IgE measurements 59(1)
3.13 IgG antibodies 60(1)
3.14 Flow cytometric analyses 61(3)
3.15 Measurement of mediators released during allergic reactions 64(1)
3.16 Mast cell tryptase 64(2)
3.17 Eosinophil cationic protein (ECP) 66(4)
Chapter Summary 67(1)
Further Reading 68(1)
Discussion Questions 69(1)
4 Complement 70(20)
Mo Moody
Tariq El-Shanawany
Paul Williams
Paul Morgan
Introduction 70(1)
4.1 Actions of complement 71(3)
4.2 Regulation of complement 74(1)
4.3 Complement deficiencies 75(4)
4.4 Measurement of complement activity 79(6)
4.5 Cl inhibitor deficiency 85(2)
4.6 Autoantibodies against complement components and complexes 87(1)
4.7 Complement allotyping 88(2)
Chapter Summary 89(1)
Further Reading 89(1)
Discussion Questions 89(1)
5 Autoimmune rheumatological disease 90(18)
Peter J Charles
Introduction 90(1)
5.1 Systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE) 91(1)
5.2 Rheumatoid arthritis (RA) 92(2)
5.3 Scleroderma 94(1)
5.4 Sjogren's syndrome 95(1)
5.5 Polymyositis and dermatomyositis 96(1)
5.6 Anti-phospholipid syndrome (APS) 96(1)
5.7 Overlapping connective tissue diseases 97(1)
5.8 Autoantibodies 98(10)
Chapter Summary 106(1)
Further Reading 107(1)
Discussion Questions 107(1)
6 Autoimmune kidney disease 108(11)
Peter J Charles
Introduction 108(1)
6.1 Goodpasture's (anti-GBM) disease 109(1)
6.2 Wegener's granulomatosis 109(1)
6.3 Microscopic polyangiitis (MPA) 110(1)
6.4 Autoantibodies in autoimmune kidney diseases 111(2)
6.5 Aetiology and pathogenesis of ANCA antibodies 113(1)
6.6 Methods of detection 114(5)
Chapter Summary 117(1)
Further Reading 118(1)
Discussion Questions 118(1)
7 Organ-specific autoimmunity 119(32)
Robert J Lock
Introduction 119(2)
7.1 Autoimmune thyroid disease 121(6)
7.2 Coeliac disease 127(9)
7.3 Pernicious anaemia 136(3)
7.4 Autoimmune endocrinopathies 139(12)
Chapter Summary 148(1)
Further Reading 149(1)
Discussion Questions 149(2)
8 Autoimmune liver diseases 151(23)
Edward Davies
Introduction 151(1)
8.1 Autoimmune hepatitis (AIH) 152(9)
8.2 Autoimmune sclerosing cholangitis (ASC) 161(1)
8.3 Primary biliary cirrhosis (PBC) 162(6)
8.4 Overlap syndromes 168(2)
8.5 Technical notes 170(4)
Chapter Summary 173(1)
Further Reading 173(1)
Discussion Questions 173(1)
9 Neuroimmunology 174(36)
Abid R Karim
S Jacob
Introduction 174(1)
9.1 Epidemiology of paraneoplastic syndrome 175(1)
9.2 Clinical features of paraneoplastic syndromes 175(7)
9.3 Malignancies Commonly associated with PNS 182(1)
9.4 Paraneoplastic neurological antibodies (PNA) 182(6)
9.5 Well-characterized antibodies 188(8)
9.6 Partially characterized antibodies 196(3)
9.7 Antibodies with or without cancer 199(3)
9.8 Treatment of paraneoplastic syndromes 202(1)
9.9 Miscellaneous antibodies 203(7)
Chapter Summary 208(1)
Further Reading 208(1)
Acknowledgements 209(1)
Discussion Questions 209(1)
10 Flow cytometry and primary immunodeficiency 210(26)
Dawn Barge
Introduction 210(1)
10.1 Lymphocyte subsets 211(4)
10.2 T cells 215(6)
10.3 B cells 221(2)
10.4 Natural killer (NK) cells 223(1)
10.5 Additional antibodies 224(2)
10.6 Inducible antigens 226(3)
10.7 Intracellular staining 229(1)
10.8 Functional assays 230(1)
10.9 Neutrophil defects 231(5)
Chapter Summary 234(1)
Further Reading 235(1)
Discussion Questions 235(1)
11 Human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) 236(17)
Alison Cox
Introduction 236(1)
11.1 The human immunodeficiency virus 236(1)
11.2 The life cycle of HIV 237(2)
11.3 Transmission of HIV 239(1)
11.4 Effects of HIV on the immune system 239(1)
11.5 Clinical features of HIV infection 240(1)
11.6 Progression to AIDS 241(1)
11.7 Laboratory diagnosis of HIV infection 242(4)
11.8 Treatment regimens for HIV-1 infections 246(4)
11.9 Prevention of HIV transmission and infection 250(3)
Chapter Summary 250(1)
Discussion Questions 251(2)
References 253(4)
Glossary 257(4)
Abbreviations 261(2)
Hints and tips for discussion questions 263(6)
Index 269
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