TCP/IP协议族

Brief Contents

Preface xxxi

Trademarks xxxv

Part 1

Introduction and Underlying Technologies1

Chapter 1

Introduction 2

Chapter 2

The OSI Model and the TCP/IP Protocol Suite18

Chapter 3

Underlying Technologies46

Part 2

Network Layer 93

Chapter 4

Introduction to Network Layer94

Chapter 5

IPv4 Addresses 114

Chapter 6

Delivery and Forwarding of IP Packets160

Chapter 7

Internet Protocol Version 4 (IPv4)186

Chapter 8

Address Resolution Protocol (ARP)220

Chapter 9

Internet Control Message Protocol Version 4(ICMPv4) 244

Chapter 10

Mobile IP 268

Chapter 11

Unicast Routing Protocols (RIP, OSPF, and BGP)282

Chapter 12

Multicasting and Multicast Routing Protocols334

Part 3

Transport Layer 373

Chapter 13

Introduction to the Transport Layer374

Chapter 14

User Datagram Protocol (UDP)414

Chapter 15

Transmission Control Protocol (TCP)432

Chapter 16

Stream Control Transmission Protocol (SCTP)502

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viii

BRIEF CONTENTS

Part 4

Application Layer 541

Chapter 17

Introduction to the Application Layer542

Chapter 18

Host Configuration: DHCP568

Chapter 19

Domain Name System (DNS)582

Chapter 20

Remote Login: TELNET and SSH610

Chapter 21

File Transfer: FTP and TFTP630

Chapter 22

World Wide Web and HTTP656

Chapter 23

Electronic Mail: SMTP, POP, IMAP, and MIME680

Chapter 24

Network Management: SNMP706

Chapter 25

Multimedia 728

Part 5

Next Generation 767

Chapter 26

IPv6 Addressing 768

Chapter 27

IPv6 Protocol 786

Chapter 28

ICMPv6 800

Part 6

Security 815

Chapter 29

Cryptography and Network Security816

Chapter 30

Internet Security 858

Part 7

Appendices 891

Appendix A

Unicode 892

Appendix B

Positional Numbering Systems896

Appendix C

Error Detection Codes904

Appendix D

Checksum 914

Appendix E

HTML, XHTML, XML, and XSL920

Appendix F

Client-Server Programming in Java926

Appendix G

Miscellaneous Information932

Glossary 935

References 955

Index 957

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ix

Contents

Preface xxxi

Trademarks xxxv

Part 1

Introduction and Underlying Technologies1

Chapter 1

Introduction 2

1.1 A BRIEF HISTORY 3

ARPANET 3

Birth of the Internet 3

Transmission Control Protocol/InternetworkingProtocol (TCP/IP) 4

MILNET 4

CSNET 4

NSFNET 4

ANSNET 5

The Internet Today 5

World Wide Web 6

Time Line 6

Growth of the Internet 7

1.2 PROTOCOLS AND STANDARDS7

Protocols 7

Standards 8

1.3 STANDARDS ORGANIZATIONS8

Standards Creation Committees8

Forums 10

Regulatory Agencies 10

1.4 INTERNET STANDARDS10

Maturity Levels 11

Requirement Levels 12

1.5 INTERNET ADMINISTRATION13

Internet Society (ISOC)13

Internet Architecture Board (IAB)13

Internet Engineering Task Force (IETF)13

Internet Research Task Force (IRTF)14

Internet Assigned Numbers Authority (IANA) andInternet Corporation

for Assigned Names and Numbers (ICANN)14

Network Information Center (NIC)14

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CONTENTS

1.6 FURTHER READING 14

Books and Papers 15

Websites 15

1.7 KEY TERMS 15

1.8 SUMMARY 15

1.9 PRACTICE SET 16

Exercises 16

Research Activities 17

Chapter 2

The OSI Model and the TCP/IP Protocol Suite18

2.1 PROTOCOL LAYERS 19

Hierarchy 20

Services 20

2.2 THE OSI MODEL 20

Layered Architecture 21

Layer-to-Layer Communication22

Encapsulation 23

Layers in the OSI Model24

Summary of OSI Layers 28

2.3 TCP/IP PROTOCOL SUITE28

Comparison between OSI and TCP/IP Protocol Suite28

Layers in the TCP/IP Protocol Suite30

2.4 ADDRESSING 35

Physical Addresses 35

Logical Addresses 37

Port Addresses 39

Application-Specific Addresses40

2.5 FURTHER READING 40

Books 40

RFCs 40

2.6 KEY TERMS 41

2.7 SUMMARY 41

2.8 PRACTICE SET 42

Exercises 42

Research Activities 44

Chapter 3

Underlying Technologies46

3.1 WIRED LOCAL AREA NETWORKS47

IEEE Standards 47

Frame Format 48

Addressing 49

Ethernet Evolution 51

Standard Ethernet 51

Fast Ethernet 55

Gigabit Ethernet 56

Ten-Gigabit Ethernet 59

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