改变物理学思想的八个方程

序言 ············································································I

一、天上与地下力的统一—牛顿的万有引力方程 ··················1

1. 光荣从黑暗中迅速生长 ···········································3
2. 哲学家笛卡儿 ·····················································16
3. 天空立法者—开普勒 ··········································19
4. 牛顿和万有引力定律的建立 ····································37
5. 万有引力定律是普适的吗？ ····································44

二、电和磁的转换—麦克斯韦方程组 ·······························54

1. 一位喜爱哲学沉思的物理学家 ·································56
2. 电学中的牛顿—安培 ··········································59
3. 物理学基础中*深刻的变化 ····································61

4.“上帝的神来之笔” ·············································68

三、量子力学的基石—普朗克方程 ··································85

1. 紫外灾难的出现···················································85
2. 爱因斯坦使普朗克坐立不安 ····································94

四、引力的几何语言—广义相对论方程 ··························101

1.“我一生*愉快的思想” ······································102

2.“宇宙新理论和牛顿观念破产” ·····························108

3. 广义相对论方程比爱因斯坦更聪明 ··························112

五、矩阵力学的诞生—非对易方程 ································120

1. 走进物理学殿堂·················································122
2. 玻尔节上遇玻尔·················································125
3. 差一点得不到博士学位 ········································131
4. 哥本哈根之行，灵感突发 ·····································133
5. 量子力学的新形式 ··············································136

六、波动力学的提名—薛定谔方程 ································145

1. 维也纳大学出来的物理学家 ··································146
2. 机遇找到了薛定谔 ··············································150
3. 惊喜和诅咒并存·················································155
4. 薛定谔方程比薛定谔还聪明！ ·······························160

七、发现负能量—狄拉克方程 ·····································164

1. 狄拉克青少年时期 ··············································166
2. 剑桥大学的研究生 ··············································168
3. 初显身手，气象不凡 ···········································170
4. 狄拉克方程*个意想不到的礼物—自旋 ··············174
5. 狄拉克方程的第二个意想不到的礼物—反粒子 ········180

八、相互作用的统一—杨 - 米尔斯场方程 ·······················184

1. 守恒和不变性之间的关系：诺特定律 ·······················186
2. 布鲁克海文实验室“十分不同的”感受 ····················189
3. 规范不变性和走火入魔 ········································190
4. 友谊、困难和辉煌 ··············································195
5. 希格斯和对称性自发破缺 ·····································200

九、数学与物理的分与合—方程式何以比物理学家聪明？ ·····208

参考书目 ·············································222