The Incentive Policy Research of Economy on Wind Power Generation in China
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作 者：张正敏主编
分类号：
ISBN：9787801634191
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简介
本书阐述了发展风力发电的必要性，详细介绍了国内外风电技术和产业的发展，指出了中国风力发电商业化面临的主要障碍和问题，强调了高强度的激励政策是克服现存障碍和加速发展的关键，有针对性地提出了各种激励政策的构想，并对相关政策进行了详尽的成本效益分析。
目录
书名页 1
版权页 2
Preface 4
Specifications of Publication 6
Table of Contents 7
1 The Importance of Developing Wind Power Technology 12
1.1 Wind power is the key to adjusting China’s energy structure 12
1.2 Development of wind power capacity is vital to improve thesecurity of the national supply of energy resources and to promotesustainable economic development 13
1.3 Developing wind power capacity is a measure that will both helpreduce pollution and prevent global warming 14
2 The Development of Wind Power Technology Worldwide andan Assessment of Approaches in Different Countries 16
2.1 The development of wind power technology in an internationalcontext 16
2.1.1 Total installed capacity increased, and the scale of wind power projects grew 16
2.2 The development of wind power in China 21
2.2.1 The scale of development reached a new level 21
2.2.2 The rate of localization and the capacity for producing key equipmentdomestically both increased 24
2.2.3 The start of the industrialization of wind power technology andthe establishment of specialized factories 25
3 Main Problems Hindering the Development of Wind Power inChina 29
3.1 Resource assessment 29
3.2 Equipment manufacturing 30
3.3 Wind farm construction 30
3.4 Generation costs and the on-grid power price 32
3.5 Policy mechanisms 33
4 Policies That Provide Strong Incentives for Renewable EnergyPrograms Are the Key to Overcoming Obstacles and SpeedingUp Development 40
4.1 Successful programs in other countries 40
4.1.1 The United States 40
4.1.2 The United Kingdom 42
4.1.3 Germany 44
4.1.4 Denmark 47
4.1.5 The Netherlands 48
4.1.6 India 49
4.2 China’s renewable energy efforts 50
4.2.1 Legislation 50
4.2.2 Economic incentive policies 51
4.2.3 Research and development 52
5 Types of Policy Incentives and the Drafting of New Policies 54
5.1 Policy types and their characteristics 54
5.2 Analysis and evaluation of the practicality of each policy type 56
5.2.1 Mandatory legal policies 56
5.2.2 Economic incentive policies 57
5.2.3 Research and development policies 60
5.2.4 Management policies and operating mechanisms 61
5.3 Formulating a new policy 61
5.3.1 The basic goal of a new policy 61
5.3.2 New incentive policies and programs 61
6 Impact of Incentive Policies on the Price of Wind-generatedPower 65
6.1 The composition of the price of wind power in China and factorsthat influence it 65
6.2 Determining a target price for wind generated power 66
6.2.1 The concept of a target power price 66
6.2.2 Determining a standard target power price 66
6.3 Determining the basic price of wind power 75
6.3.1 The meaning of ‘basic power price’ 75
6.3.2 Base case and set of parameters 76
6.3.3 Results of Calculations 78
6.4 Analysis of the influence of incentive policies on the cost andpricing of wind-generated power 81
6.4.1 The influence on wind power prices of changes in the volume of powergeneration 81
6.4.2 The effect of initial investment changes on wind power prices 82
6.4.3 Influence of calculation method on wind power prices 82
6.4.4 The influence of policy on wind power price 84
7 Cost-benefit Analysis and Evaluation of Incentive Policies 91
7.1 Evaluation criteria 91
7.2 Relative costs and benefits of wind power policies 91
7.2.1 Costs 91
7.2.2 Benefits 92
7.3 Methods of evaluating incentive policies 96
7.3.1 Net present value (NPV) 97
7.3.2 Cost-benefit ratio 97
7.4 Cost-benefit analysis for policy S1.3 (3-year interest allowance loan) 97
7.4.1 Cost 97
7.4.2 Benefits 98
7.4.3 Cost-benefit analysis 101
7.5 Cost-benefit analysis for policy S1.5 (Prolonging the repaymentperiod to 15 years) 102
7.5.1 Cost 102
7.5.2 Benefits 103
7.5.3 Cost-benefit analysis for policy S1.5 103
7.6 Cost-benefit analysis for policy S2.2 (exemption from VAT) 103
7.6.1 Costs 104
7.6.2 Benefits 104
7.6.3 Cost-benefit analysis for policy S2.2 105
7.7 Cost-benefit analysis for policy S3.1 (3-year interest allowance loanand prolonging the repayment period to 15 years) 105
7.7.1 Costs 105
7.7.2 Benefits 105
7.7.3 Cost-benefit analysis for policy S3.1 106
7.8 Cost-benefit analysis for policy S3.9 (3-year interest allowance,prolonging the repayment period to 15 years, exemption fromimport duties, reduction in VAT) 106
7.8.1 Cost 106
7.8.2 Benefits 107
7.8.3 Cost-benefit analysis for policy S3.9 107
7.9 Cost-benefit analysis for policy S3.12 (3-year interest allowance,prolonging the repayment period to 15 years, exemption fromimport duties, reduction in VAT, 2-year deduction and 3-yearexemption from income tax) 108
7.10 Cost-benefit analysis for policy S3.14 (3-year interest allowance,prolonging the repayment period to 15 years, exemption fromimport duties and VAT, 2-year deduction, and 3-year exemptionfrom income tax) 109
7.10.1 Costs 109
7.10.2 Benefits 109
7.10.3 Cost-benefit analysis for policy S3.14 110
7.11 Cost-benefit analysis for policy S3.16 (3-year interest allowance,prolonging the repayment period to 15 years, exemption fromimport duties and VAT, 2-year reduction and 3-year exemptionfrom income tax, maintaining an investment level of under 7500Yuan/kW, and increasing annual power generation hours to 2600) 110
7.11.1 Cost 110
7.11.2 Benefits 111
7.11.3 Cost-benefit analysis for policy S3.16 112
7.12 Cost-benefit analysis of the preferential pricing policy (S4.1) 112
7.12.1 Costs 112
7.12.2 Benefits 113
7.12.3 Cost-benefit analysis for policy S4.1 113
7.13 Summary of all incentive policies based on the cost-benefitanalyses above 113
8 Analysis and Evaluation of the Role of Incentive Policies inPromoting the Commercialization of Wind Power 115
8.1 The stages of development of wind power technology 115
8.1.1 R&D stage 116
8.1.2 Demonstration stage 117
8.1.3 Buy-down stage 117
8.1.4 Deployment stage 118
8.2 The relationship between the scale of the wind power industry andproduction costs 119
8.3 Requirements for reducing the cost of wind power 121
8.4 Cost reduction expectations for wind power in China 122
8.4.1 Determining initial scale and initial cost 123
8.4.2 Predicting the lowest possible cost of wind power 123
8.4.3 Determining the offset factor 125
8.4.4 The learning curve for Chinese wind power 126
8.5 The growth in industry scale and investment needed to achieve thecommercialization of wind power technology 127
8.6 Conclusions 129
9 Comprehensive Comparison and Discussion of Policies 130
10 The Implementation of a Preferential Pricing Policy and SomeFurther Comments 133
10.1 Basic rules 133
10.2 Making decisions about power prices and price differences 133
10.3 Dealing with the price gap 134
10.4 Establishing rational and scientific competition mechanisms 136
10.5 Management of wind power policies 136
11 Conclusions 138
References 141
版权页 2
Preface 4
Specifications of Publication 6
Table of Contents 7
1 The Importance of Developing Wind Power Technology 12
1.1 Wind power is the key to adjusting China’s energy structure 12
1.2 Development of wind power capacity is vital to improve thesecurity of the national supply of energy resources and to promotesustainable economic development 13
1.3 Developing wind power capacity is a measure that will both helpreduce pollution and prevent global warming 14
2 The Development of Wind Power Technology Worldwide andan Assessment of Approaches in Different Countries 16
2.1 The development of wind power technology in an internationalcontext 16
2.1.1 Total installed capacity increased, and the scale of wind power projects grew 16
2.2 The development of wind power in China 21
2.2.1 The scale of development reached a new level 21
2.2.2 The rate of localization and the capacity for producing key equipmentdomestically both increased 24
2.2.3 The start of the industrialization of wind power technology andthe establishment of specialized factories 25
3 Main Problems Hindering the Development of Wind Power inChina 29
3.1 Resource assessment 29
3.2 Equipment manufacturing 30
3.3 Wind farm construction 30
3.4 Generation costs and the on-grid power price 32
3.5 Policy mechanisms 33
4 Policies That Provide Strong Incentives for Renewable EnergyPrograms Are the Key to Overcoming Obstacles and SpeedingUp Development 40
4.1 Successful programs in other countries 40
4.1.1 The United States 40
4.1.2 The United Kingdom 42
4.1.3 Germany 44
4.1.4 Denmark 47
4.1.5 The Netherlands 48
4.1.6 India 49
4.2 China’s renewable energy efforts 50
4.2.1 Legislation 50
4.2.2 Economic incentive policies 51
4.2.3 Research and development 52
5 Types of Policy Incentives and the Drafting of New Policies 54
5.1 Policy types and their characteristics 54
5.2 Analysis and evaluation of the practicality of each policy type 56
5.2.1 Mandatory legal policies 56
5.2.2 Economic incentive policies 57
5.2.3 Research and development policies 60
5.2.4 Management policies and operating mechanisms 61
5.3 Formulating a new policy 61
5.3.1 The basic goal of a new policy 61
5.3.2 New incentive policies and programs 61
6 Impact of Incentive Policies on the Price of Wind-generatedPower 65
6.1 The composition of the price of wind power in China and factorsthat influence it 65
6.2 Determining a target price for wind generated power 66
6.2.1 The concept of a target power price 66
6.2.2 Determining a standard target power price 66
6.3 Determining the basic price of wind power 75
6.3.1 The meaning of ‘basic power price’ 75
6.3.2 Base case and set of parameters 76
6.3.3 Results of Calculations 78
6.4 Analysis of the influence of incentive policies on the cost andpricing of wind-generated power 81
6.4.1 The influence on wind power prices of changes in the volume of powergeneration 81
6.4.2 The effect of initial investment changes on wind power prices 82
6.4.3 Influence of calculation method on wind power prices 82
6.4.4 The influence of policy on wind power price 84
7 Cost-benefit Analysis and Evaluation of Incentive Policies 91
7.1 Evaluation criteria 91
7.2 Relative costs and benefits of wind power policies 91
7.2.1 Costs 91
7.2.2 Benefits 92
7.3 Methods of evaluating incentive policies 96
7.3.1 Net present value (NPV) 97
7.3.2 Cost-benefit ratio 97
7.4 Cost-benefit analysis for policy S1.3 (3-year interest allowance loan) 97
7.4.1 Cost 97
7.4.2 Benefits 98
7.4.3 Cost-benefit analysis 101
7.5 Cost-benefit analysis for policy S1.5 (Prolonging the repaymentperiod to 15 years) 102
7.5.1 Cost 102
7.5.2 Benefits 103
7.5.3 Cost-benefit analysis for policy S1.5 103
7.6 Cost-benefit analysis for policy S2.2 (exemption from VAT) 103
7.6.1 Costs 104
7.6.2 Benefits 104
7.6.3 Cost-benefit analysis for policy S2.2 105
7.7 Cost-benefit analysis for policy S3.1 (3-year interest allowance loanand prolonging the repayment period to 15 years) 105
7.7.1 Costs 105
7.7.2 Benefits 105
7.7.3 Cost-benefit analysis for policy S3.1 106
7.8 Cost-benefit analysis for policy S3.9 (3-year interest allowance,prolonging the repayment period to 15 years, exemption fromimport duties, reduction in VAT) 106
7.8.1 Cost 106
7.8.2 Benefits 107
7.8.3 Cost-benefit analysis for policy S3.9 107
7.9 Cost-benefit analysis for policy S3.12 (3-year interest allowance,prolonging the repayment period to 15 years, exemption fromimport duties, reduction in VAT, 2-year deduction and 3-yearexemption from income tax) 108
7.10 Cost-benefit analysis for policy S3.14 (3-year interest allowance,prolonging the repayment period to 15 years, exemption fromimport duties and VAT, 2-year deduction, and 3-year exemptionfrom income tax) 109
7.10.1 Costs 109
7.10.2 Benefits 109
7.10.3 Cost-benefit analysis for policy S3.14 110
7.11 Cost-benefit analysis for policy S3.16 (3-year interest allowance,prolonging the repayment period to 15 years, exemption fromimport duties and VAT, 2-year reduction and 3-year exemptionfrom income tax, maintaining an investment level of under 7500Yuan/kW, and increasing annual power generation hours to 2600) 110
7.11.1 Cost 110
7.11.2 Benefits 111
7.11.3 Cost-benefit analysis for policy S3.16 112
7.12 Cost-benefit analysis of the preferential pricing policy (S4.1) 112
7.12.1 Costs 112
7.12.2 Benefits 113
7.12.3 Cost-benefit analysis for policy S4.1 113
7.13 Summary of all incentive policies based on the cost-benefitanalyses above 113
8 Analysis and Evaluation of the Role of Incentive Policies inPromoting the Commercialization of Wind Power 115
8.1 The stages of development of wind power technology 115
8.1.1 R&D stage 116
8.1.2 Demonstration stage 117
8.1.3 Buy-down stage 117
8.1.4 Deployment stage 118
8.2 The relationship between the scale of the wind power industry andproduction costs 119
8.3 Requirements for reducing the cost of wind power 121
8.4 Cost reduction expectations for wind power in China 122
8.4.1 Determining initial scale and initial cost 123
8.4.2 Predicting the lowest possible cost of wind power 123
8.4.3 Determining the offset factor 125
8.4.4 The learning curve for Chinese wind power 126
8.5 The growth in industry scale and investment needed to achieve thecommercialization of wind power technology 127
8.6 Conclusions 129
9 Comprehensive Comparison and Discussion of Policies 130
10 The Implementation of a Preferential Pricing Policy and SomeFurther Comments 133
10.1 Basic rules 133
10.2 Making decisions about power prices and price differences 133
10.3 Dealing with the price gap 134
10.4 Establishing rational and scientific competition mechanisms 136
10.5 Management of wind power policies 136
11 Conclusions 138
References 141
The Incentive Policy Research of Economy on Wind Power Generation in China
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