Western humanities

PREFACE
INTRODUCTION：
Why Study Cultural History?
A HUMANITIES PRIMER：
How to Understand the Arts
1
PREHISTORY AND
NEAR EASTERN
CIVILIZATIONS
PREHISTORY AND EARLY CULTURES
Paleolithic Period
Neolithic Period
Technology in Early Cultures
Stone Age Technology Bronze Age Technology
Iron Age Technology
THE CIVILIZATIONS OF THE TIGRIS AND
EUPHRATES RIVER VALLEY： MESOPOTAMIA
The Sumerian， Akkadian， and Babylonian Kingdoms
The Cradle of Civilization
Writing Religion
ENCOUNTER The Phoenicians and the Alphabet
Literature Law
SLICE OF LIFE “A Sumerian Father Lectures His Son”
Anonymous， from clay tablets
Science， Mathematics， and Medicine Art and
Architecture
THE CIVILIZATION OF THE NILE RIVER VALLEY：
EGYPT
Continuity and Change over Three Thousand Years
A Quest for Eternal Cultural Values
Religion Writing and Literature Science and Medicine
SLICE OF LIFE Life's Instruction Book for Egyptians
Anonymous， from A Papyrus Text
Architecture ~ Sculpture， Painting， and Minor
Arts
HEIRS TO THE MESOPOTAMIAN AND EGYPTIAN
EMPIRES
The Hittites
The Assyrians
The Medes
The Persians
THE LEGACY OF EARLY NEAR EASTERN
CIVILIZATIONS
KEY CULTURAL TERMS
SUGGESTIONS FOR FURTHER READING

2
AEGEAN CIVILIZATIONS
The Minoans， the Mycenaeans，
and the Greeks of the Archaic
Age
PRELUDE： MINOAN CIVILIZATION，
3000-1100 B.C.E.
BEGINNINGS： MYCENAEAN CWILIZATION，
1900-1100 KC.E.
Technology in Minoan Crete and Mycenae
INTERLUDE： THE DARK AGES， 1100-800 B.C.E.
THE ARCHAIC AGE， 800-479 B.C.E.
Political， Economic， and Social Structures
The Greek PolLs： Sparta and Athens
Technology in Archaic Greece
The Persian Wars
THE EMERGENCE OF GREEK GENIUS： THE
MASTERY OF FORM
Religion
Literature
Epic Poetry Lyric Poetry
ENCOUNTER Near Eastern Art and Greek Pottery
Philosophy， Science， and Medicine
Natural Philosophy
SLICE OF LIFE The Worlds of Women and Men in Ancient
Greece Sappho， “He Seems to Be a God” and Alcaeus，
“Longing for Home”
Medicine
Architecture
Sculpture
THE LEGACY OF ARCHAIC GREEK
CWILIZATION
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