简介
中国古代青铜器是中华民族的重要组成部分，是古代艺术最早最闪光的亮点。中国古代青铜器不仅器物类型繁多、造型庄重华丽、纹饰优美精湛、铭文内容丰富，而且用途广泛，除宴飨外常用于祭祀礼仪，作为强化统治权力的手段。青铜礼器还被用于贵族之间的婚媾、宴享、朝聘、会盟等活动，以铭功颂德。青铜品也作为馈赠礼品，贵族间进行交往，以维护统治权力。因此，青铜礼器是权力的象征，是贵族等级地位的标志，是礼制的工具。
商代青铜器中酒器繁多，门类丰富。商代早期青铜器胎薄，以光素无纹居多；商代中期，青铜器以平雕一层花为主，以兽面纹居多，且无云雷纹底纹；商晚期至西周时期，青铜器种类丰富，食器、酒器、水器、车器、兵器等皆有。这一时期的青铜器，造型华丽，纹饰精湛，变单层花为三层花；铭文字数逐渐繁多，由一字铭增加至数百字，史实清晰，具有研究价值。
春秋战国时期，随着宗法制的衰落，礼器减少，而媵器、弄器增多，纹饰更加精细、繁缛、富丽，出现了蟠螭纹、蟠虺纹、绳纹、鸟兽纹、宴乐狩猎纹等，由抽象纹饰逐渐转为写实纹，铭文以自作用器居多。出现了新的器类，如匜、敦、（钅和）、鉴、高柄豆。此时期青铜器壁薄均匀。新的工艺——错金银、嵌松石、铜镶铜和鎏金技术达到了高峰，亦可称为青铜器中之上乘之作。
中国古代青铜器是光辉灿烂、独具一格的瑰宝，是世界文明大花园中一枝最耀眼的奇葩，是最有价值的收藏佳品。
因体例所限，本书仅就北京地区出土的青铜精品做一简述，以解读者对燕地青铜文化特色的了解之需。
目录
北京地区商周青铜器集粹
Gems of Bronzes in the Shang and Zbou Dynasties in Beijing Area
炊器Cooking wares
鼎Ding
1.弦纹鼎·商中期Ding with bow-string patterns,Mid Shang
2.兽面纹小圆鼎·商中期Small Ding with beast masks,Mid Shang
3.兽面纹小圆鼎内底鳖纹拓片Ru-bbing ot the turtle design on the bottom of the Small Ding
4.雷纹小方鼎·商中期Small rectangular Ding with thunder patterns,Mid Shang
5.堇鼎·西周早期Ding inscribed with堇,Early Western Zhou
6.董鼎剖面线图Line drawing of a堇 ding
7.堇鼎耳部Details of the handle
8.父丙鼎·西周早期Ding inscribed with父丙,Early Western Zhou
9.举{左(上虍下且)右又}鼎·商晚期Loped Ding inscribed with{左(上虍下且)右又},Late Shang
10.饕餮纹方鼎·商晚期Square Ding with Taotie patterns,Late Shang
11.兽面纹鼎·西周早期Ding with beast masks,Early Western Zhou
12.圉方鼎·西周早期Square Ding inscribed with圉,Early Western Zhou
13.■鼎·西周早期Ding inscribed with■,Early Western Zhou
14.叔鼎·西周早期Ding inscribed with叔,Early Western Zhou
15.兽面纹鼎·西周早期Ding with beast masks, Early Western Zhou
16.父癸鼎·西周早期Flat legged Ding inscribed with父癸,Early Western Zhou
17.兽面纹鼎·西周早期Ding with beast masks,Early Western Zhou
18.亚{上己下其}鼎·西周早期Ding inscribed with亚{上己下其},Early Western Zhou
19.遘鼎·西周早期Ding inscribed with遘,Early Western Zhou
20.复鼎·西周早期Ding inscribed with复,Early Western Zhou
21.亚{上匕下矢}鼎·西周早期Ding inscribed with亚{上匕下矢},Early Western Zhou
鬲Li
22.弦纹鬲·商中期Li with bow-string patterns,Mid Shang
23.弦纹鬲·商中期Li with bow-string patterns,Mid Shang
24.伯矩鬲·西周早期Li inscribed with伯矩,Early Western Zhou
25.伯矩鬲足部Details of the foot
26.戈父工鬲·西周早期Li inscribed with戈父工,Early Western Zhou
甗Yan
27.弦纹甗·商中期Yan with bow-string patterns,Mid Shang
28.举{左(上虍下且)右又}甗·商晚期Yan inscribed with觑,Late Shang
29.戈父甲甗·西周早期Yan inscribed with戈父甲,Early Western Zhou
30.圉甗·西周早期Yan inscribed with圉,Early Western Zhou
食器Food wares
簋Gui
31.伯簋·西周早期Gui inscribed with伯,Early Western Zhou
32.伯簋耳部Details of handle
33.圉簋·西周早期Gui inscribed with圉,Early Western Zhou
34.攸簋·西周早期Gui inscribed with攸,Early Western Zhou
35.{上豸中豸下攴}簋·西周早期Gui inscribed with{上豸中豸下攴},Early Western Zhou
36.伯丁■簋·西周早期Gui in-scribed with伯丁■,Early Western Zhou
37.■簋·西周早期Gui inscribed with■,Early Western Zhou
38.班簋·西周中期Gui inscribed with班,Mid Western Zhou
39.伯{左木右虎}{外虍内且}簋·西周Gui inscribed with伯{左木右虎}{外虍内且},Western Zhou
豆Don
40.举{左(上虍下且)右又}豆·商晚期Don inscribed with举{左(上虍下且)右又},Late Shang
酒器Drinking vessels
罍Lei
41.三羊罍·商中期Lei with three ram patterns,Mid Shang
42.三羊罍肩部羊首The ram mask decorating the shoulder
43.克罍·西周早期Lei inscribed with克,Early Western Zbou
44.子方罍·西周早期Lei inscribed with子方,Early Western Zhou
瓿Bu
45.饕餮纹瓿·商中期Bu with Tao-tie patterns, Mid Shang 61尊Zun
46.兽面纹尊·西周早期Zun with beast masks, Early Western Zhou
47.肇尊·西周早期Zun inscribed with肇,Early Western Zhou
48.复尊·西周早期Zun inscribed with复,Early Western Zhou
49.■祖丙尊·西周早期Zun in-scribed with■祖丙,Early Western Zhou
50.作宝尊·西周早期Zun inscribed with作宝,Early Western Zhou
卣You
51.肇卤·西周早期You inscribed with肇,Early Western Zhou
52.饕餮纹卣·商中期You with Taotie patterns, Mid Shang
53.单子I父戊卣·西周早期You inscribed with单子I父戊,Early Western Zhou
54.圉卤·西周早期You inscribed with;圉,Early Western Zhou
盉He
55饕餮纹方口盉·商中期Square-mouthed He with Taotie patterns,Mid Shang
56.三足盉·商中期Three-footed He,Mid Shang
57.克盉·西周早期He inscribed with 克,Early Western Zbou
58.父乙盉·西周早期He inscribed with父乙,Early Western Zhou
59.父丁盉·西周早期He inscribed with父丁,Early Western Zhou
壶Hu
60.兽面纹贯耳壶·西周Hu with lugs and decorated with beast masks,Western Zhou
61.穿带壶·西周早期Hu with pierced legs to attach a belt,Early Western Zhou
爵Jue
62.亚{上己下其}爵·西周早期Jue inscribed with亚{上己下其},Early Western Zhou
63.母己铜爵·西周早期Bronze Jue inscribed with母己,Early Western Zhou
64.未爵·西周早期Jue inscribed with未,Early Western Zhou
觚Gu
65.旅觚·商中晚期Gu inscribed with 旅,Mid and Late Shang
66.侮觚·商中期Gu inscribed with 侮,Mid Shang
觯Zhi
67.涡纹觯·西周早期Zhi with whirl patterns,Early Western Zhou
68.庶觯·西周早期Zhi inscribed with庶,Early Western Zhou
角Jiao
69.举{左(上虍下且)右攴}角·商代Rao inscribed with {左(上虍下且)右攴},Shang
斝Jia
70.饕餮纹斝·商中期Jia with Tao-tie patterns,Mid Shang
71.举{左(上虍下且)右攴}斝·商晚期Jia inscribed with{左(上虍下且)右攴},Late Shang
盛水器Water container 盘Pan
盘 Pan
72.鱼纹盘·商中期Pan with fish patterns,Mid Shang
73.鸟柱鱼纹盘·商中期Pan with bird and fish patterns, Mid Shang
74.伯矩盘·西周早期Pan inscribed with伯矩,Early Western Zhou
75.蝉纹盘·西周早期Pan with cicada patterns,Early Western Zhou
兵器Weapons
钺Yue
76.铁刃铜钺·商中期Iron-bladed yue,Mid Shang
77.双兽带铃钺·商晚期Belled yue with paired beast patterns Late Shang
小辞典Small Thesaurus
Gems of Bronzes in the Shang and Zbou Dynasties in Beijing Area
炊器Cooking wares
鼎Ding
1.弦纹鼎·商中期Ding with bow-string patterns,Mid Shang
2.兽面纹小圆鼎·商中期Small Ding with beast masks,Mid Shang
3.兽面纹小圆鼎内底鳖纹拓片Ru-bbing ot the turtle design on the bottom of the Small Ding
4.雷纹小方鼎·商中期Small rectangular Ding with thunder patterns,Mid Shang
5.堇鼎·西周早期Ding inscribed with堇,Early Western Zhou
6.董鼎剖面线图Line drawing of a堇 ding
7.堇鼎耳部Details of the handle
8.父丙鼎·西周早期Ding inscribed with父丙,Early Western Zhou
9.举{左(上虍下且)右又}鼎·商晚期Loped Ding inscribed with{左(上虍下且)右又},Late Shang
10.饕餮纹方鼎·商晚期Square Ding with Taotie patterns,Late Shang
11.兽面纹鼎·西周早期Ding with beast masks,Early Western Zhou
12.圉方鼎·西周早期Square Ding inscribed with圉,Early Western Zhou
13.■鼎·西周早期Ding inscribed with■,Early Western Zhou
14.叔鼎·西周早期Ding inscribed with叔,Early Western Zhou
15.兽面纹鼎·西周早期Ding with beast masks, Early Western Zhou
16.父癸鼎·西周早期Flat legged Ding inscribed with父癸,Early Western Zhou
17.兽面纹鼎·西周早期Ding with beast masks,Early Western Zhou
18.亚{上己下其}鼎·西周早期Ding inscribed with亚{上己下其},Early Western Zhou
19.遘鼎·西周早期Ding inscribed with遘,Early Western Zhou
20.复鼎·西周早期Ding inscribed with复,Early Western Zhou
21.亚{上匕下矢}鼎·西周早期Ding inscribed with亚{上匕下矢},Early Western Zhou
鬲Li
22.弦纹鬲·商中期Li with bow-string patterns,Mid Shang
23.弦纹鬲·商中期Li with bow-string patterns,Mid Shang
24.伯矩鬲·西周早期Li inscribed with伯矩,Early Western Zhou
25.伯矩鬲足部Details of the foot
26.戈父工鬲·西周早期Li inscribed with戈父工,Early Western Zhou
甗Yan
27.弦纹甗·商中期Yan with bow-string patterns,Mid Shang
28.举{左(上虍下且)右又}甗·商晚期Yan inscribed with觑,Late Shang
29.戈父甲甗·西周早期Yan inscribed with戈父甲,Early Western Zhou
30.圉甗·西周早期Yan inscribed with圉,Early Western Zhou
食器Food wares
簋Gui
31.伯簋·西周早期Gui inscribed with伯,Early Western Zhou
32.伯簋耳部Details of handle
33.圉簋·西周早期Gui inscribed with圉,Early Western Zhou
34.攸簋·西周早期Gui inscribed with攸,Early Western Zhou
35.{上豸中豸下攴}簋·西周早期Gui inscribed with{上豸中豸下攴},Early Western Zhou
36.伯丁■簋·西周早期Gui in-scribed with伯丁■,Early Western Zhou
37.■簋·西周早期Gui inscribed with■,Early Western Zhou
38.班簋·西周中期Gui inscribed with班,Mid Western Zhou
39.伯{左木右虎}{外虍内且}簋·西周Gui inscribed with伯{左木右虎}{外虍内且},Western Zhou
豆Don
40.举{左(上虍下且)右又}豆·商晚期Don inscribed with举{左(上虍下且)右又},Late Shang
酒器Drinking vessels
罍Lei
41.三羊罍·商中期Lei with three ram patterns,Mid Shang
42.三羊罍肩部羊首The ram mask decorating the shoulder
43.克罍·西周早期Lei inscribed with克,Early Western Zbou
44.子方罍·西周早期Lei inscribed with子方,Early Western Zhou
瓿Bu
45.饕餮纹瓿·商中期Bu with Tao-tie patterns, Mid Shang 61尊Zun
46.兽面纹尊·西周早期Zun with beast masks, Early Western Zhou
47.肇尊·西周早期Zun inscribed with肇,Early Western Zhou
48.复尊·西周早期Zun inscribed with复,Early Western Zhou
49.■祖丙尊·西周早期Zun in-scribed with■祖丙,Early Western Zhou
50.作宝尊·西周早期Zun inscribed with作宝,Early Western Zhou
卣You
51.肇卤·西周早期You inscribed with肇,Early Western Zhou
52.饕餮纹卣·商中期You with Taotie patterns, Mid Shang
53.单子I父戊卣·西周早期You inscribed with单子I父戊,Early Western Zhou
54.圉卤·西周早期You inscribed with;圉,Early Western Zhou
盉He
55饕餮纹方口盉·商中期Square-mouthed He with Taotie patterns,Mid Shang
56.三足盉·商中期Three-footed He,Mid Shang
57.克盉·西周早期He inscribed with 克,Early Western Zbou
58.父乙盉·西周早期He inscribed with父乙,Early Western Zhou
59.父丁盉·西周早期He inscribed with父丁,Early Western Zhou
壶Hu
60.兽面纹贯耳壶·西周Hu with lugs and decorated with beast masks,Western Zhou
61.穿带壶·西周早期Hu with pierced legs to attach a belt,Early Western Zhou
爵Jue
62.亚{上己下其}爵·西周早期Jue inscribed with亚{上己下其},Early Western Zhou
63.母己铜爵·西周早期Bronze Jue inscribed with母己,Early Western Zhou
64.未爵·西周早期Jue inscribed with未,Early Western Zhou
觚Gu
65.旅觚·商中晚期Gu inscribed with 旅,Mid and Late Shang
66.侮觚·商中期Gu inscribed with 侮,Mid Shang
觯Zhi
67.涡纹觯·西周早期Zhi with whirl patterns,Early Western Zhou
68.庶觯·西周早期Zhi inscribed with庶,Early Western Zhou
角Jiao
69.举{左(上虍下且)右攴}角·商代Rao inscribed with {左(上虍下且)右攴},Shang
斝Jia
70.饕餮纹斝·商中期Jia with Tao-tie patterns,Mid Shang
71.举{左(上虍下且)右攴}斝·商晚期Jia inscribed with{左(上虍下且)右攴},Late Shang
盛水器Water container 盘Pan
盘 Pan
72.鱼纹盘·商中期Pan with fish patterns,Mid Shang
73.鸟柱鱼纹盘·商中期Pan with bird and fish patterns, Mid Shang
74.伯矩盘·西周早期Pan inscribed with伯矩,Early Western Zhou
75.蝉纹盘·西周早期Pan with cicada patterns,Early Western Zhou
兵器Weapons
钺Yue
76.铁刃铜钺·商中期Iron-bladed yue,Mid Shang
77.双兽带铃钺·商晚期Belled yue with paired beast patterns Late Shang
小辞典Small Thesaurus
Bronzes of the Shang and Zhou Dynasties
- 名称
- 类型
- 大小
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