Soil science. V.1, Soil in space and time /
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作 者：edited by Alfred E. Hartemink, Alex. B. McBratney, and Robert E. White.
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ISBN：9781844076468
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简介
This four-volume set, edited by leading experts in soil science, brings together in one collection a series of papers that have been fundamental to the development of soil science as a defined discipline. Volume I contains papers that look at the soil as a natural body and speculate on how it was formed, the extent of its global coverage, and the many complex interactions with the biosphere, hydrosphere, atmosphere, and lithosphere. It focuses its attention on the 'what' of the pedosphere and the extent of our current understanding of it. Volume II focuses on the 'how' of soils, the understanding of fundamental processes. It is concerned with the integration of physics, chemistry, biology and mineralogy to understand fundamental soil properties and processes that control transport, cycling, speciation and bioavailability of elements or molecules. These phenomena are studied at multiple scales ranging from atomic to global. Volume III contains papers on 'why' soil science is important to society. It demonstrates the application of fundamental knowledge to solve social, economic, and environmental challenges of major societal and scientific interest. It can be considered the applied segment of soil science to ensure that soils are used and managed in a sustainable manner. Volume IV contains papers that are more general and address the transfer of knowledge to segments of society where soil science is misunderstood or under-appreciated. It addresses public literacy in soil science, education, international conventions, consequences of human activities on soil ecosystems, policy issues, food security, and philosophy and history of the discipline.
目录
Table Of Contents:
About the Editors vii
Foreword viii
Preface ix
List of Acronyms and Abbreviations xi
Overview to the Four Volumes: Soil Science xii
A. E. Hartemink
A. B. McBratney
R. E. White
Editorial Introduction to Volume I 1(16)
A. B. McBratney
A. E. Hartemink
R. E. White
VOLUME I SOIL IN SPACE AND TIME
Part I Soil Morphology and Micromorphology
Morphological Classification of Soil Structure 17(18)
C. C. Nikiforoff
The Application of Soil Micromorphology to Fossil Soils and other Deposits from Archaeological Sites 35(14)
J. B. Dalrymple
Soil Structure and Fabric --- Their Definition and Description 49(18)
R. Brewer
J. R. Sleeman
Soil Morphology and Preferential Flow along Macropores 67(16)
J. Bouma
Quantitative Relationships Between Soil Colour and Haematite Content 83(10)
J. Torrent
U. Schwertmann
H. Fechter
F. Alverez
Part II Soil Geography
Normal Erosion as a Factor in Soil Profile Development 93(2)
G. Milne
Structure of the Soil Mantle 95(8)
V. M. Fridland
Soil Attribute Prediction using Terrain Analysis 103(24)
I. D. Moore
P. E. Gessler
G. A. Nielsen
G. A. Peterson
Part III Soil Genesis
Outline of a Generalized Theory of Soil Genesis 127(11)
R. W. Simonson
A Two-cycle Theory of Tropical Pedology 138(13)
C. D. Ollier
Conceptual Models in Pedogenesis: Can Soil-forming Functions be Solved? 151(18)
D. H. Yaalon
Soil Landscape Systems: A Model of Soil Genesis 169(21)
R. J. Huggett
Soil Development Models as a Component of Slope Models 190(36)
M. J. Kirkby
Constitutive Mass Balance Relations between Chemical Composition, Volume, Density, Porosity and Strain in Metasomatic Hydrochemical Systems: Results on Weathering and Pedogenesis 226(43)
G. H. Brimhall
W. E. Dietrich
Part IV Soil Classification
The Classification of Soils 269(6)
G. W. Leeper
Soil Classification in the Soil Survey of England and Wales 275(19)
B. W. Avery
Indigenous Knowledge and Classification of Soils in the Andes of Southern Peru 294(25)
J. A. Sandor
L. Furbee
Part V Pedometrics
Selection of Efficient Methods for Soil Sampling 319(12)
W. J. Youden
A. Mehlich
Classification of Soils by Numerical Methods 331(14)
J. H. Rayner
Soil Variability: A Review 345(35)
P. H. T. Beckett
R. Webster
Optimal Interpolation and Isarithmic Mapping of Soil Properties. 1. The Semi-variogram and Punctual Kriging 380(21)
T. M. Burgess
R. Webster
Part VI Palaeopedology
Classification of Palaeosols 401(19)
G. H. Mack
W. C. James
H. C. Monger
Index 420(207)
List of Acronyms and Abbreviations viii
Editorial Introduction to Volume II 1(16)
R. E. White
A. B. McBratney
A. E. Hartemink
VOLUME II SOIL PROPERTIES AND PROCESSES
Part I Soil Physics
Studies on Soil Physics: Part I --- The Flow of Air and Water through Soils 17(22)
W. H. Green
G. A. Ampt
Capillary Conduction of Liquids through Porous Media 39(17)
L. A. Richards
The Theory of Infiltration: 4. Sorptivity and Algebraic Infiltration Equations 56(9)
J. R. Philip
Dynamic Aspects of Water Availability to Plants 65(17)
W. R. Gardner
A Closed-Form Equation for Predicting the Hydraulic Conductivity of Unsaturated Soils 82(17)
M. Th. van Genuchten
Electromagnetic Determination of Soil Water Content: Measurements in Coaxial Transmission Lines 99(22)
G. C. Topp
J. L. Davis
A. P. Annan
Simulation of Solute Transport with a Transfer Function Model 121(13)
W. A. Jury
Organic Matter and Water-Stable Aggregates in Soils 134(25)
J. M. Tisdall
J. M. Oades
Advances in Characterization of Soil Structure 159(40)
A. R. Dexter
Susceptibility of Soils to Preferential Flow of Water: A Field Study 199(22)
M. Flury
H. Fluhler
W. A. Jury
J. Leuenberger
Part II Soil Chemistry
The Laws of Soil Colloidal Behaviour: I 221(44)
S. Mattson
Studies on Soil Potassium. 2. Immediate Q/I Relations of Labile Potassium in Soil 265(17)
P. H. T. Beckett
Models for Describing the Diffusion of Oxygen and Other Mobile Constituents Across the Mud---Water Interface 282(13)
D. R. Bouldin
Turnover of Soil Organic-Matter in Some of the Rothamsted Classical Experiments 295(13)
D. S. Jenkinson
J. H. Rayner
On the Surface Complexation Model of the Oxide---Aqueous Solution Interface 308(18)
G. Sposito
Soil pH, An Early Diagnostic Tool: Its Determination and Interpretation 326(32)
G. H. Bolt
Molecular Structure in Soil Humic Substances. The New View 358(19)
R. Sutton
G. Sposito
Part III Soil Biology
The Actinomyces of the Soil 377(46)
S. A. Waksman
R. E. Curtis
Soil Microorganisms and Plant Roots 423(41)
F. E. Clark
Some Soil-Forming Processes in the Humid Tropics. IV. The Action of the Soil Fauna 464(13)
P. H. Nye
Nitrogen-Fixing Bacteria of the Genus Beijerinckia Derx in the Rhizosphere of Sugar Cane 477(6)
J. Dobereiner
The Effects of Biocidal Treatments on Metabolism in Soil --- 1. Fumigation with Chloroform 483(22)
D. S. Jenkinson
D. S. Powlson
Effects of Animals on Soil 505(38)
F. D. Hole
Part IV Soil Mineralogy
Soil Science and Mineralogy 543(11)
C. E. Marshall
Minerals Present in Soil Colloids: I. Descriptions and Methods for Identification 554(13)
S. B. Hendricks
L. T. Alexander
Imogolite and Proto-Imogolite Allophane in Spodic Horizons: Evidence for a Mobile Aluminium Silicate Complex in Podzol Formation 567(16)
V. C. Farmer
J. D. Russell
M. L. Berrow
Part V Soil Chemical, Physical and Biological Interfacial Reactions
The Application of the Gouy Theory to Soil---Water Systems 583(10)
G. H. Bolt
M. Peech
Effect of pH on Electric Charges Carried by Clay Particles 593(9)
R. K. Schofield
The Measurement and Mechanism of Ion Diffusion in Soil. I. Relation between Self-Diffusion and Bulk Diffusion 602(10)
P. H. Nye
Reactions between Fulvic Acid, a Soil Humic Compound and Inorganic Soil Constituents 612(15)
M. Schnitzer
Index 627
List of Acronyms and Abbreviations vii
Editorial Introduction to Volume III 1(16)
R. E. White
A. E. Hartemink
A. B. McBratney
VOLUME III SOIL USE AND MANAGEMENT
Part I Soil Evaluation and Land Use Planning
Methods of Estimating the Productive Capacities of Soils 17(9)
R. W. Simonson
A. J. Englehorn
A Theoretical Framework for Land Evaluation 26(31)
D. G. Rossiter
Part II Soil and Water Conservation
Some Aspects of Soil Erosion as a National Problem 57(16)
H. H. Bennett
Technology of Erosion Control 73(9)
M. L. Nichols
Management of the Soils for Continuous Production: Controlling Erosion and Maintaining Physical Condition 82(13)
R. Lal
Soil Erosion in Developing Countries: Where Geomorphology Fears to Tread! 95(20)
M. Stocking
Part III Soil Fertility and Plant Nutrition
Comparative Study of Decomposition Rates of Organic Matter in Temperate and Tropical Regions 115(20)
H. Jenny
S. P. Gessel
F. T. Bingham
The Use of P32 in Studies on the Uptake of Phosphorus by Plants 135(9)
S. Larsen
The Effect of Soil Drying on Humus Decomposition and Nitrogen Availability 144(19)
H. F. Birch
Changes in the Soil after Clearing Tropical Forest 163(12)
P. H. Nye
D. J. Greenland
Comparative Aspects of Cycling of Organic C, N, S and P Through Soil Organic Matter 175(24)
W. B. McGill
C. V. Cole
Part IV Soil Engineering and Technology
Research on the Atterberg Limits of Soils 199(27)
A. Casagrande
A Critical State Soil Mechanics Model for Agricultural Soils 226(23)
D. R. P. Hettiaratchi
Urban Soil Management: A Growing Concern 249(18)
C. R. de Kimpe
J. L. Morel
Part V Soil Degradation Control, Remediation and Reclamation
Nitrogenous Fertilizers and Soil Acidity: I. Effect of Various Nitrogenous Fertilizers on Soil Reaction 267(15)
W. H. Pierre
Soil Changes Resulting from Long Use of Land in China 282(10)
J. Thorp
The Biological Detoxication of Hormone Herbicides in Soil 292(20)
L. J. Audus
The Possibility of In Situ Heavy Metal Decontamination of Polluted Soils using Crops of Metal-accumulating Plants 312(9)
A. J. M. Baker
S. P. McGrath
C. M. D. Sidoli
R. D. Reeves
Index 321
List of Acronyms and Abbreviations vii
Editorial Introduction to Volume IV 1(12)
A. E. Hartemink
R. E. White
A. B. McBratney
VOLUME IV THE ROLE OF SOIL IN SUSTAINING SOCIETY AND THE ENVIRONMENT
Part I Soils and the Environment
A Review of Effects of Pesticides on Microbial Activity in Soils 13(14)
M. Wainwright
Soil Carbon Pools and World Life Zones 27(8)
W. M. Post
W. R. Emanuel
P. J. Zinke
A. G. Stangenberger
Human Alteration of the Global Nitrogen Cycle: Sources and Consequences 35(28)
P. M. Vitousek
J. D. Aber
R. W. Howarth
G. E. Likens
P. A. Matson
D. W. Schindler
W. H. Schlesinger
D. G. Tilman
Part II Soils, Food Security and Human Health
Opportunities for Soil Scientists in Freeing the World from Hunger 63(12)
R. Bradfield
Soils of the Tropics and the World Food Crisis 75(13)
P. A. Sanchez
S. W. Buol
Geophagia in Man: Its Nature and Nutritional Effects 88(12)
J. A. Halsted
Soil and Human Health: A Review 100(39)
M. A. Oliver
Part III Soils and Land Use Change
Soil Carbon Sequestration and Land-use Change: Processes and Potential 139(19)
W. M. Post
K. C. Kwon
The Causes of Land-use and Land-cover Change: Moving beyond the Myths 158(17)
E. F. Lambin
B. L. Turner
H. J. Geist
S. B. Agbola
A. Angelsen
J. W. Bruce
O. T. Coomes
R. Dirzo
G. Fischer
C. Folke
P. S. George
K. Homewood
J. Imbernon
R. Leemans
X. Li
E. F. Moran
M. Mortimore
P. S. Ramakrishnan
J. F. Richards
H. Skanes
W. Steffen
G. D. Stone
U. Svedin
T. A. Veldkamp
C. Vogel
J. Xu
Part IV Soil Education and Public Awareness
The Sceptical Soil Chemist 175(17)
E. M. Crowther
The Responsibilities of Soil Science 192(14)
D. J. Greenland
Soil Science as a Basic Science 206(8)
W. R. Gardner
Soil Science Education and Society 214(21)
D. E. Smiles
I. White
C. J. Smith
Part V History, Philosophy and Sociology of Soil Science
Agro-geology as a Science 235(4)
J. van Baren
Soil Science in a Changing World 239(11)
P. B. Tinker
Soils, Natural Science and Models 250(13)
J. R. Philip
Index 263
About the Editors vii
Foreword viii
Preface ix
List of Acronyms and Abbreviations xi
Overview to the Four Volumes: Soil Science xii
A. E. Hartemink
A. B. McBratney
R. E. White
Editorial Introduction to Volume I 1(16)
A. B. McBratney
A. E. Hartemink
R. E. White
VOLUME I SOIL IN SPACE AND TIME
Part I Soil Morphology and Micromorphology
Morphological Classification of Soil Structure 17(18)
C. C. Nikiforoff
The Application of Soil Micromorphology to Fossil Soils and other Deposits from Archaeological Sites 35(14)
J. B. Dalrymple
Soil Structure and Fabric --- Their Definition and Description 49(18)
R. Brewer
J. R. Sleeman
Soil Morphology and Preferential Flow along Macropores 67(16)
J. Bouma
Quantitative Relationships Between Soil Colour and Haematite Content 83(10)
J. Torrent
U. Schwertmann
H. Fechter
F. Alverez
Part II Soil Geography
Normal Erosion as a Factor in Soil Profile Development 93(2)
G. Milne
Structure of the Soil Mantle 95(8)
V. M. Fridland
Soil Attribute Prediction using Terrain Analysis 103(24)
I. D. Moore
P. E. Gessler
G. A. Nielsen
G. A. Peterson
Part III Soil Genesis
Outline of a Generalized Theory of Soil Genesis 127(11)
R. W. Simonson
A Two-cycle Theory of Tropical Pedology 138(13)
C. D. Ollier
Conceptual Models in Pedogenesis: Can Soil-forming Functions be Solved? 151(18)
D. H. Yaalon
Soil Landscape Systems: A Model of Soil Genesis 169(21)
R. J. Huggett
Soil Development Models as a Component of Slope Models 190(36)
M. J. Kirkby
Constitutive Mass Balance Relations between Chemical Composition, Volume, Density, Porosity and Strain in Metasomatic Hydrochemical Systems: Results on Weathering and Pedogenesis 226(43)
G. H. Brimhall
W. E. Dietrich
Part IV Soil Classification
The Classification of Soils 269(6)
G. W. Leeper
Soil Classification in the Soil Survey of England and Wales 275(19)
B. W. Avery
Indigenous Knowledge and Classification of Soils in the Andes of Southern Peru 294(25)
J. A. Sandor
L. Furbee
Part V Pedometrics
Selection of Efficient Methods for Soil Sampling 319(12)
W. J. Youden
A. Mehlich
Classification of Soils by Numerical Methods 331(14)
J. H. Rayner
Soil Variability: A Review 345(35)
P. H. T. Beckett
R. Webster
Optimal Interpolation and Isarithmic Mapping of Soil Properties. 1. The Semi-variogram and Punctual Kriging 380(21)
T. M. Burgess
R. Webster
Part VI Palaeopedology
Classification of Palaeosols 401(19)
G. H. Mack
W. C. James
H. C. Monger
Index 420(207)
List of Acronyms and Abbreviations viii
Editorial Introduction to Volume II 1(16)
R. E. White
A. B. McBratney
A. E. Hartemink
VOLUME II SOIL PROPERTIES AND PROCESSES
Part I Soil Physics
Studies on Soil Physics: Part I --- The Flow of Air and Water through Soils 17(22)
W. H. Green
G. A. Ampt
Capillary Conduction of Liquids through Porous Media 39(17)
L. A. Richards
The Theory of Infiltration: 4. Sorptivity and Algebraic Infiltration Equations 56(9)
J. R. Philip
Dynamic Aspects of Water Availability to Plants 65(17)
W. R. Gardner
A Closed-Form Equation for Predicting the Hydraulic Conductivity of Unsaturated Soils 82(17)
M. Th. van Genuchten
Electromagnetic Determination of Soil Water Content: Measurements in Coaxial Transmission Lines 99(22)
G. C. Topp
J. L. Davis
A. P. Annan
Simulation of Solute Transport with a Transfer Function Model 121(13)
W. A. Jury
Organic Matter and Water-Stable Aggregates in Soils 134(25)
J. M. Tisdall
J. M. Oades
Advances in Characterization of Soil Structure 159(40)
A. R. Dexter
Susceptibility of Soils to Preferential Flow of Water: A Field Study 199(22)
M. Flury
H. Fluhler
W. A. Jury
J. Leuenberger
Part II Soil Chemistry
The Laws of Soil Colloidal Behaviour: I 221(44)
S. Mattson
Studies on Soil Potassium. 2. Immediate Q/I Relations of Labile Potassium in Soil 265(17)
P. H. T. Beckett
Models for Describing the Diffusion of Oxygen and Other Mobile Constituents Across the Mud---Water Interface 282(13)
D. R. Bouldin
Turnover of Soil Organic-Matter in Some of the Rothamsted Classical Experiments 295(13)
D. S. Jenkinson
J. H. Rayner
On the Surface Complexation Model of the Oxide---Aqueous Solution Interface 308(18)
G. Sposito
Soil pH, An Early Diagnostic Tool: Its Determination and Interpretation 326(32)
G. H. Bolt
Molecular Structure in Soil Humic Substances. The New View 358(19)
R. Sutton
G. Sposito
Part III Soil Biology
The Actinomyces of the Soil 377(46)
S. A. Waksman
R. E. Curtis
Soil Microorganisms and Plant Roots 423(41)
F. E. Clark
Some Soil-Forming Processes in the Humid Tropics. IV. The Action of the Soil Fauna 464(13)
P. H. Nye
Nitrogen-Fixing Bacteria of the Genus Beijerinckia Derx in the Rhizosphere of Sugar Cane 477(6)
J. Dobereiner
The Effects of Biocidal Treatments on Metabolism in Soil --- 1. Fumigation with Chloroform 483(22)
D. S. Jenkinson
D. S. Powlson
Effects of Animals on Soil 505(38)
F. D. Hole
Part IV Soil Mineralogy
Soil Science and Mineralogy 543(11)
C. E. Marshall
Minerals Present in Soil Colloids: I. Descriptions and Methods for Identification 554(13)
S. B. Hendricks
L. T. Alexander
Imogolite and Proto-Imogolite Allophane in Spodic Horizons: Evidence for a Mobile Aluminium Silicate Complex in Podzol Formation 567(16)
V. C. Farmer
J. D. Russell
M. L. Berrow
Part V Soil Chemical, Physical and Biological Interfacial Reactions
The Application of the Gouy Theory to Soil---Water Systems 583(10)
G. H. Bolt
M. Peech
Effect of pH on Electric Charges Carried by Clay Particles 593(9)
R. K. Schofield
The Measurement and Mechanism of Ion Diffusion in Soil. I. Relation between Self-Diffusion and Bulk Diffusion 602(10)
P. H. Nye
Reactions between Fulvic Acid, a Soil Humic Compound and Inorganic Soil Constituents 612(15)
M. Schnitzer
Index 627
List of Acronyms and Abbreviations vii
Editorial Introduction to Volume III 1(16)
R. E. White
A. E. Hartemink
A. B. McBratney
VOLUME III SOIL USE AND MANAGEMENT
Part I Soil Evaluation and Land Use Planning
Methods of Estimating the Productive Capacities of Soils 17(9)
R. W. Simonson
A. J. Englehorn
A Theoretical Framework for Land Evaluation 26(31)
D. G. Rossiter
Part II Soil and Water Conservation
Some Aspects of Soil Erosion as a National Problem 57(16)
H. H. Bennett
Technology of Erosion Control 73(9)
M. L. Nichols
Management of the Soils for Continuous Production: Controlling Erosion and Maintaining Physical Condition 82(13)
R. Lal
Soil Erosion in Developing Countries: Where Geomorphology Fears to Tread! 95(20)
M. Stocking
Part III Soil Fertility and Plant Nutrition
Comparative Study of Decomposition Rates of Organic Matter in Temperate and Tropical Regions 115(20)
H. Jenny
S. P. Gessel
F. T. Bingham
The Use of P32 in Studies on the Uptake of Phosphorus by Plants 135(9)
S. Larsen
The Effect of Soil Drying on Humus Decomposition and Nitrogen Availability 144(19)
H. F. Birch
Changes in the Soil after Clearing Tropical Forest 163(12)
P. H. Nye
D. J. Greenland
Comparative Aspects of Cycling of Organic C, N, S and P Through Soil Organic Matter 175(24)
W. B. McGill
C. V. Cole
Part IV Soil Engineering and Technology
Research on the Atterberg Limits of Soils 199(27)
A. Casagrande
A Critical State Soil Mechanics Model for Agricultural Soils 226(23)
D. R. P. Hettiaratchi
Urban Soil Management: A Growing Concern 249(18)
C. R. de Kimpe
J. L. Morel
Part V Soil Degradation Control, Remediation and Reclamation
Nitrogenous Fertilizers and Soil Acidity: I. Effect of Various Nitrogenous Fertilizers on Soil Reaction 267(15)
W. H. Pierre
Soil Changes Resulting from Long Use of Land in China 282(10)
J. Thorp
The Biological Detoxication of Hormone Herbicides in Soil 292(20)
L. J. Audus
The Possibility of In Situ Heavy Metal Decontamination of Polluted Soils using Crops of Metal-accumulating Plants 312(9)
A. J. M. Baker
S. P. McGrath
C. M. D. Sidoli
R. D. Reeves
Index 321
List of Acronyms and Abbreviations vii
Editorial Introduction to Volume IV 1(12)
A. E. Hartemink
R. E. White
A. B. McBratney
VOLUME IV THE ROLE OF SOIL IN SUSTAINING SOCIETY AND THE ENVIRONMENT
Part I Soils and the Environment
A Review of Effects of Pesticides on Microbial Activity in Soils 13(14)
M. Wainwright
Soil Carbon Pools and World Life Zones 27(8)
W. M. Post
W. R. Emanuel
P. J. Zinke
A. G. Stangenberger
Human Alteration of the Global Nitrogen Cycle: Sources and Consequences 35(28)
P. M. Vitousek
J. D. Aber
R. W. Howarth
G. E. Likens
P. A. Matson
D. W. Schindler
W. H. Schlesinger
D. G. Tilman
Part II Soils, Food Security and Human Health
Opportunities for Soil Scientists in Freeing the World from Hunger 63(12)
R. Bradfield
Soils of the Tropics and the World Food Crisis 75(13)
P. A. Sanchez
S. W. Buol
Geophagia in Man: Its Nature and Nutritional Effects 88(12)
J. A. Halsted
Soil and Human Health: A Review 100(39)
M. A. Oliver
Part III Soils and Land Use Change
Soil Carbon Sequestration and Land-use Change: Processes and Potential 139(19)
W. M. Post
K. C. Kwon
The Causes of Land-use and Land-cover Change: Moving beyond the Myths 158(17)
E. F. Lambin
B. L. Turner
H. J. Geist
S. B. Agbola
A. Angelsen
J. W. Bruce
O. T. Coomes
R. Dirzo
G. Fischer
C. Folke
P. S. George
K. Homewood
J. Imbernon
R. Leemans
X. Li
E. F. Moran
M. Mortimore
P. S. Ramakrishnan
J. F. Richards
H. Skanes
W. Steffen
G. D. Stone
U. Svedin
T. A. Veldkamp
C. Vogel
J. Xu
Part IV Soil Education and Public Awareness
The Sceptical Soil Chemist 175(17)
E. M. Crowther
The Responsibilities of Soil Science 192(14)
D. J. Greenland
Soil Science as a Basic Science 206(8)
W. R. Gardner
Soil Science Education and Society 214(21)
D. E. Smiles
I. White
C. J. Smith
Part V History, Philosophy and Sociology of Soil Science
Agro-geology as a Science 235(4)
J. van Baren
Soil Science in a Changing World 239(11)
P. B. Tinker
Soils, Natural Science and Models 250(13)
J. R. Philip
Index 263
Soil science. V.1, Soil in space and time /
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