Chong Qing

作者：  黄济人，李永英撰文;方本良等摄影

出版社：中国旅游出版社,1999

简介： 片断： 　　重庆因为直辖而越显年轻了。位于西陵峡中 土段宜昌三斗坪的三峡大坝一俟完工正常落水后。 虽然瞿塘峡入口处的“粉壁墙”、“孟良梯”、“古栈 道”等景观将被淹没、但是，“神女应无恙”、“瞿 塘雄、巫峡幽、西陵秀”的自然风光格局不会改变、 雄伟壮丽的三峡仍会迷入的风采使游人流边忘返，而且 ，尤为重要的是，随着三峡水库的建成，三峡江段以及库区两 岸幽欲深涧中的一批新景观将会相断出现。诸如巴东的神龙溪、奉节、巫溪、 巫山金三角旅游区。大宁河深处的红池坝高山草原。双溪溶洞 和夏冰洞，涪陵的芙蓉江和芙蓉洞。奉节的天坑、地缝等等绝世 奇观，亦将以更新的姿态呈现在人们的面前。 　　“长风破浪会有时，直挂云帆济沧海：。古老而 年轻的重庆、既面临着千载难逢的发展机遇，又肩负着 力重千钧的历史使命。在这世纪之交的时刻，若要问及 一个内陆的特大城市何以才能真正崛起，那响亮的回答来 自巴渝大地的钟灵毓秀、重庆儿女的勤劳聪慧，连同身边 母亲之河的奔腾不息…… THERlSlNGOFAGlGANTlCClTYINTHEINLANDOFCHlNA ChongqingwasoriginallythecapitaloftheStateof Baoverthreethousandyears.Theplacewascalled JiangzhouduringtheWesternHanDynasty.Lateron,it waschangedintoYuzhouduringtheSui,Tang,Wudaiand NorthernSongDynasties-Beforelong,theplacewas renamedoncemoreasGongzhouforashortperiodoftime. BythetimewhenZhaoDunwasconferedthetitleofPrince Gong,hestayedinthisplace.Forthesakeofcelebration, herenamedthecityofGongzhouasChongqing(Double Celebration)immediatelyafterhehadascendedthethrone. Thisnameremainsallthesameoverthepreviouseight hundredyears,thoughthescopeofthiscityhadsometimes hadalittlechange. Chongqingissubtropical,hotinsummer.Henceithad gotthename"afumancecity."Meanwhile,Chongqing hasalsogottherenownasa"mountaincity"becauseof itsbuildingsonhillsidesandmountainssurroundingthe city.TheclimateinChongqingisoftencloudyandmisty. Asaconsequence,itisalsocalled"thet'ogcity". Moreover,sincetheaverageannualprecipitationisabout 1,000millimetres,thesceneot'rainninginnightappears fromtimetotime. Intheyearof1362,MingYuzhen,theleaderofa peasantuprisingarmyduringthelastperiodoftheYuan Dynasty,eastabtishedthepeasantregimeofDaxiaand assignedthiscityasitspoliticalcentre.Intheyearofl937, soonafterNanjingwasoccupiedbytheJapaneseinvaders, theKuomintanggovernmentmovedfromNanjingto Chongqinganddesignedthelatterasilswartimecapital. Onaccountofitsgreatcontributiontothevictoryofthe SecondWorldWar,onthemapofChinadisplayedinthe greathalloftheUnitedNationsthereappearmerelythe namesofthefollowingfourcities:Beijing,Shanghai, NanjingandChongqing. Eversincethen,Chongqingha.senjoyedchanceof developmentforfourtimesinsuccession.Beingasthe war-timecapitalofChina,Chongqingbegantodevelop intoamodernindustrialcityattheendof1940s.Inthe 1950s,outofbeingthelocationofboththeSouthwest BureauandtheSouthwestMilitaryandPoliticalCommittee undertheCommunistPartyofChina,andasthe municipalitydirectlyunderthePeople'sGovernmentfor ashortperiodoftime,Chongqinghadpracticallybecome thepolitical,economicandculturalcentreofSouthwest China.lnthel960s,duetothepracticeofthe"ThirdFront" strategy,acoupleofenterprises,themilitaryenterprisesin particular,begantomovetoChongqingandthismadeit possibleforthisinlandcitytohavesetupacompletesystem ofindustry.Inthe1980s,soonafterthepracticeofthe openingpolicy,Chongqingwaslistedasoneofthekey citiesenjoyingthechancetoflourishduringtheperiodof theFirstFive-YearPlan.Asaresult,withtheoutstanding achievementithadobtained,Chongqinghadtumedoutto bethelargestcentreofindustryandcommerceinSouthwest China. Withanall-rounddevelopmentoverthepreviousyears, ChongqingwaslistedbytheStateCouncilasoneofthe topcitiesboastingmyriadtouristattractions.Andnow, Chongqingischosenonceagainbythehistory. EversincethemoveoftheStateCouncilbeing approvedonMarch[4,1997bythefifthseassionofthe EighthNationalPeople'sCongress,Chongqinghasbecome thefourthmunicipalitydirectlyundertheCentral Govemment,togetherwithBeijing,ShanghaiandTianjing. AsthelargestcityofChina,Chongqingcoversanareaof 82,400squarekilometreswithapopulationof3002million. BelongingoriginallytoSichuanProvince,Wanxian municipality,FulingMunicipalityandQianjiangDistrict arenowunderChongqing'sjurisdiction.Agreatpartof theThreeGorgesappearnowintheterritoryofChongqing. So,apartfrommanyhistoricalrelicsandtouristattractions, suchastheGhostCityofFengdu,StoneTreasureBlock, TheZhangFeiTempleandWhiteEmperorCity,the6,000 meterlongdamareaaddsmuchlustretoChongqing. Besides,therearemanyotherinvaluablerelics,suchasa fossilofcavemantwomillionyearsoldunearthedat LongpingVillageinWushanCounty,aPalaeolithicsite excavatedrecentlyatYandengboinFengdu,aWarring- States-PeriodsitelocatedatXiaotianxiinZhecheng,aHan- dynastygravegroundsituatedatWeinaninFengduCounty andanational-gradeunderwaterforestofstonetablets situatedinBaiheliang,providevaluableinformationfora studyofthemateriallifeandsocialnatureofthisplace duringtheancienttimes. Owingtohavingbecomeamunicipalitydirectlyunder theCentralGovemment,Chongqingbecomesyoungmore andmore.Oncetheresservoirbeginstoholdwaterafter theaccomplishmentoftheThree-GorgeDamlocatedin Shanduoping,Yichang,someofthehistoricalrelics,such astheWhite-PowderedWall,theStaircaseofMengLiang andtheAncientPlankRoadlocatedattheentranceto QutangGorge,willbeinnudedcompletely.However,the GoddessPeakaswellasotherscenicspotsintheThree Gorgesareawillnotbechangedatall.Furthermore.the fascinatingviewoftheThreeGorgeswillcontinuously maketouristsfailtotearthemselvesaway.Atthesame time,withtheestablishmentofthegrandreservoir,a numberofnewscenicspotswillappearoneaftertheother inthisarea.Besides,manyoftheexistingtouristattractions, suchastheShenlongxi(DivineDragonStream);thegolden trangleareaoftourisminFengjie;WuxiandWushan;the hilltoppasturelandinHongchibanearbytheDaningRiver; thelimestonecaveandiciclecaveatShuangxi;the FurongjiangRiverandtheHibiscusCaveinFuling;the HeavenlyPitandtheEarthlySlitinFengjie,willtakeona newlooktoattractmoretourists. "Onedayl'llskimthewave,blownbythewind,With sailshoistedhigh,acros.sthevastocean." JustaswhatLiBai,agreatpoetoftheTangDynasty (701-762),hadexpressedinhisfamouspoem"Travelling IsHard",Chongqing,ametropolis,oldyetyoung,hasmet nowwithagoldenopportunitytomakeafurther developmentand,atthesametime,isentrustedwithan importanthistoricalmission.Diligentandintelligentby nature,growingupinthefertilelandofBaandYu,and strugglingalwaysinthespiritofYangtze-theirmother river,thepeopleofChonhqingvowtostrivetheirutmost tofulfilltheentrustedhistoricalmissioninthisgreattum ofanewcentury. (WrittenbyHuangJiren) (TranslatedbyHuZhihui)