Table Of Contents:
Preface xii
Introduction xiv

Water Transport and Distribution Systems 1(20)

Introduction 1(4)

Definitions and objectives 5(11)

Transport and distribution 5(4)

Piping 9(2)

Storage 11(4)

Pumping 15(1)

Types of distribution schemes 16(2)

Network configurations 18(3)

Water Demand 21(34)

Terminology 21(3)

Consumption categories 24(7)

Water use by various sectors 24(1)

Domestic consumption 25(3)

Non-domestic consumption 28(3)

Water demand patterns 31(13)

Instantaneous demand 32(6)

Diurnal patterns 38(2)

Periodic variations 40(4)

Demand calculation 44(4)

Demand forecasting 48(4)

Demand frequency distribution 52(3)

Steady Flows in Pressurised Networks 55(67)

Main concepts and definitions 55(9)

Conservation laws 56(4)

Energy and hydraulic grade lines 60(4)

Hydraulic losses 64(10)

Friction losses 64(9)

Minor losses 73(1)

Single pipe calculation 74(13)

Pipe pressure 76(2)

Maximum pipe capacity 78(3)

Optimal diameter 81(1)

Pipe charts and tables 82(2)

Equivalent diameters 84(3)

Serial and branched networks 87(4)

Supply at one point 87(1)

Supply at several points 88(3)

Looped networks 91(9)

Hardy Cross methods 92(6)

Linear theory 98(2)

Pressure-related demand 100(3)

Hydraulics of storage and pumps 103(19)

System characteristics 103(2)

Gravity systems 105(4)

Pumped systems 109(8)

Combined systems 117(5)

The Design of Water Transport and Distribution Systems 122(84)

The planning phase 122(8)

The design period 123(2)

Economic aspects 125(5)

Hydraulic design 130(18)

Design criteria 130(2)

Basic design principles 132(4)

Storage design 136(7)

Pumping station design 143(5)

Computer models as design tools 148(12)

Input data collection 150(2)

Network schematisation 152(1)

Model building 153(2)

Nodal demands 155(3)

Model testing 158(1)

Problem analysis 159(1)

Hydraulic design of small pipes 160(3)

Equivalence Method 160(2)

Statistical methods 162(1)

Engineering design 163(43)

Pipe materials 165(13)

Joints 178(3)

Fittings 181(1)

Valves 182(5)

Water meters 187(7)

Fire hydrants 194(2)

Service connections 196(1)

Indoor installations 197(1)

Engineering design of storage and pumping stations 197(6)

Standardisation and quality assessment 203(3)

Network Construction 206(20)

Site preparation 207(6)

Excavation 208(4)

Trench dewatering 212(1)

Pipe laying 213(7)

Laying in trenches 213(2)

Casings 215(1)

Laying above ground 215(5)

Pipe jointing 220(6)

Flanged joints 220(1)

Gland joints 220(1)

`Push-in' joints 221(1)

Anchorages and supports 221(2)

Backfilling 223(1)

Testing and disinfection 223(3)

Operation and Maintenance 226(51)

Network operation 226(30)

Monitoring 228(2)

Network reliability 230(5)

Unaccounted-for water and leakage 235(13)

Corrosion 248(8)

Network maintenance 256(11)

Planning of maintenance 257(2)

Pipe cleaning 259(4)

Animal disinfection 263(1)

Pipe repairs 264(3)

Organisation of water company 267(10)

Tasks 267(1)

Mapping 268(2)

Structure and size 270(2)

Example 272(5)

APPENDIX 1 WORKSHOP PROBLEMS 277(27)

Water demand 277(3)

Single pipe calculation 280(3)

Branched systems 283(5)

Looped systems 288(3)

Hydraulics of storage and pumps 291(13)

APPENDIX 2 DESIGN EXERCISE 304(92)

Case introduction
the Town of Safi 305(4)

Topography 305(1)

Population distribution and future growth 305(1)

Supply source 305(2)

Distribution system 307(1)

Water demand and leakage 308(1)

Financial elements 308(1)

Questions 309(3)

Hydraulic design 309(1)

System operation 310(2)

Hydraulic design 312(37)

Preliminary concept 312(4)

Nodal consumptions 316(2)

Network layout 318(21)

Pumping heads and flows 339(6)

Storage volume 345(3)

Summary of the hydraulic design 348(1)

System operation 349(31)

Regular operation 349(15)

Factory supply under irregular conditions 364(11)

Reliability assessment 375(5)

Final layouts 380(16)

Alternative A
Direct pumping 380(4)

Alternative B
Pumping and balancing storage 384(5)

Phased development 389(1)

Cost analyses 390(4)

Summary and conclusions 394(2)

APPENDIX 3 MINOR LOSS FACTORS 396(6)

Bends and elbows 396(1)

Enlargements and reducers 397(1)

Branches 398(1)

Inlets and outlets 399(1)

Flow meters 399(1)

Valves 400(2)

APPENDIX 4 HYDRAULIC TABLES (DARCY--WEISBACH/COLEBROOK--WHITE) 402(24)

APPENDIX 5 SPREADSHEET HYDRAULIC LESSONS
OVERVIEW 426(46)

Single pipe calculation 426(8)

Pipes in parallel and series 434(6)

Branched network layouts 440(2)

Looped network layouts 442(3)

Gravity supply 445(7)

Pumped supply 452(5)

Combined supply 457(4)

Water demand 461(11)

APPENDIX 6 EPANET
VERSION 2 472(27)

Installation 472(1)

Using the programme 473(6)

Input data 479(9)

Data preparation 479(1)

Selecting objects 480(1)

Editing visual objects 480(4)

Editing non-visual objects 484(3)

Editing a group of objects 487(1)

Viewing results 488(6)

Viewing results on the map 488(1)

Viewing results with a graph 489(3)

Viewing results with a table 492(2)

Copying to the clipboard or to a file 494(1)

Error and warning messages 495(2)

Troubleshooting results 497(2)

APPENDIX 7 UNIT CONVERSION TABLE 499(1)
References 500(5)
Index 505