Table Of Contents:
Dedication v
Acknowledgments vi
Foreword vii
Preface ix

List of Contributors xi

Section I. Overview and General Considerations

Overview and history 2(5)

M.R. Nuwer

Physiology 7(37)

J.R. Daube

Anatomy 44(33)

J.R. Duabe

EEG and anesthetic effects 77(17)

V. Jantti

T.B. Sloan

Anesthetic effects on evoked potentials 94(34)

T.B. Sloan

V. Jantti

Section II. CNP Techniques Used in Monitoring Neural Function in Surgry

Electroencephalograhy used in monitoring neural function during surgery 128(13)

A.C. Van Huffelen

Electrocorticography 141(9)

G.A. Worrell

M. Stead

G.D. Cascino

Direct cortical stimulatio to localize sensory, motor and language function 150(13)

L.M. Schreader

Intraoperative approaches for deep brain stimulation and targeting 163(9)

A.S. Mandir

R. Minahan

Visual evoked poetntials during surgery 172(8)

D. York

Somatosensory evoked potential monitoring with scalp and cervical recording 180(10)

M.R. Nuwer

J.W. Packwood

Somatosensory evoked potential monitoring with dermatomal stimulation 190(12)

J.C. Slimp

Monitoring spinal epidural potentials to peripheral nerve stinulation 202(9)

S. Jones

Somatosensory evoked potentials for intraoperative mapping of the sensorimotor cortex 211(7)

T. Kombos

Section II.2. Motor Evoked Potentials

Motor EP physiology, risks and specific anesthetic effects 218(17)

H.L. Journee

Corticospinal tract monitoring with D- and I-waves from the spinal cord and muscle MEPs from limb muscles 235(17)

V. Deletis

F. Sala

Recording MEPs to transcranial electrical stimulation and SEPs to peripheral nerve stimulation simultaneously from the spinal cord 252(8)

D. Burke

Transcranial electrical MEP with mscle recording 260(13)

A. Mendiratta

R.G. Emerson

Neurogenic mixed evoked potentials 273(9)

R.E. Minahan

A.S. Mandir

Magnetic cortical Stimulation techniques 282(37)

L.D. Gugino

L.S. Aglio

H.L. Edmonds

A.A. Gonzalez

Mapping the corticospinal tract 319(15)

C.D. Yingling

Section II.3. Brainstem and Auditory Evoked Potentials

BAEPs in surgery 334(16)

A.D. Legatt

Mapping the brainstem: Floor of the fourth ventricle 350(14)

J.R. Lopez

Section II.4. Electromyographic, Reflex and Nerve Conduction Monitoring

Intraoperative peripheral nerve stimulation and recording 364(7)

B.A. Crum

J.A. Strommen

Intraoperative facial nerve monitoring 371(13)

Y.A. Ashram

C.D. Yingling

Oculomotor and lower cranial nerve monitoring 384(12)

J.R. Lopez

Intraoperative monitoring with free-running EMG 396(8)

J.A. Strommen

B.A. Crum

Intraoperative EMG during spinal pedicle screw instrumentation 404(19)

J.R. Balzer

D. Crammond

M. Habeych

R.J. Sclabassi

Sacral roots and nerves, and monitoring for neuro-urologic procedures 423(11)

D.B. Vodusek

V. Deletis

Motor evoked potentials from external anal and urethral sphincter muscles by transcranial cortical stimulation during surgery 434(5)

S.S. Haghighi

Selective dorsal rhizotomy 439(16)

C.D. Yingling

Nerve root assessment with SEP and MEP 455(9)

B.A. Crum

J.A. Strommen

Technological advances in intraoperative neurophysiological monitoring 464(20)

R.J. Sclabassi

J. Balzer

D. Crammond

M. Habeych

Section III. Disorders Monitored during Surgery

Section III.1. Cerebral Neurosurgery

Neurophysiology during epilepsy surgery 484(7)

J.M. Stern

J. Engel, Jr.

Intraoperative neurophysiology during surgery for cerebral tumors 491(17)

H. Duffau

Movement disorders 508(14)

J.W. Cozzens

Mapping and monitoring for brainstem lesions 522(12)

G. Neuloh

C. Strauss

J. Schramm

Cranial base surgery 534(13)

A.F. Cannestra

R.F. Canalis

E.H. Rubinstein

D.P. Decker

Neurophysiology during microvascular facial nerve decompression 547(9)

A.R. Moller

Neurophysiology during middle ear, mastoid and parotid surgery 556(10)

T.C. Huang

A.K. Lalwani

Monotoring during surgery around the acoustic and vestibular nerves 566(24)

C. Matthies

Monitoring neural function during surgery around the glossopharyngeal, vagus and laryngeal nerves durig neck (thyroid, larynx, carotid) and chest procedures 590(18)

T.M. Hemmerling

Section III.2. Spine Surgery

Monitoring during the surgical treatment of scoliosis 608(10)

M.R. Nuwer

J.W. Packwood

Monitoring during spinal surgery for fractures and extramedulary tumors 618(14)

F. Vincent

M.O. Kelleher

M.G. Fehlings

Intraoperative neurohysiological monitoring during surgery for intramedullary spinal cord tumors 632(19)

F. Sala

K.F. Kothbauer

Neurohysiological Monitoring during spinal endovascular procedures 651(20)

Y. Niimi

V. Deletis

A. Berenstein

Monitoring the spinal cord during surgery for cervical myelopathy 671(7)

S. Jones

Monitoring during lumbar stenosis and fusion surgery 678(11)

B. Ball

P.M. Huddleston

Surgery for tethered cord syndrome and other cauda equina lesions 689(11)

A.M. Husain

Dorsal root entry zone procedures an other surgeries for pain 700(20)

A.M. Husain

Section III.3. Peripheral Nerve surgery

Intraovperative testing and monitoring during brachial plexus surgery 720(11)

H. Wang

A.T. Bishop

A.Y. Shin

R.J. Spinner

Intraoperative testing and monitoring during lumbosacral plexus surgery 731(8)

R.E. Minahan

A.S. Mandir

Monitoring of neural structures involved in micturition and sexual function 739(9)

Z. Rodi

D.B. Vodusek

Monitoring during total hip arthroplasty 748(4)

D. Fee

A. Sabet

Monitoring neural function during pelvic surgery 752(12)

B.R. Moed

Intraoperative testing and monitoring during peripheral nerve surgery 764(12)

H. Wang

R.J. Spinner

Section III.4. Vascular Surgery

Intraoperative monitoring during carotid endarterectomy 776(15)

J.-M. Guerit

Monitoring during carotid balloon test occlusion 791(10)

D. Eliashiv

V. Royter

D. Quinonez

Evoked potential monitoring during surgery for intracranial aneurysms 801(14)

G. Neuloh

J. Schramm

Spinal cord monitoring during descending aortic procedures 815(14)

D.B. MacDonald

C.C.J. Dong

Intraoperative monitoring during cardiac surgery 829(11)

J.-M. Guerit

Section IV. Intensive Care Monitoring

Neonatal ICU monitoring 840(16)

L. Hellstrom-Westas

L.S. De Vries

I. Rosen

ICU EEG monitoring for acute seizures and status epilepticus 856(8)

P.M. Vespa

ICU EEG monitoring for vasospasm and other focal cortical disorders 864(18)

J. Claassen

L.J. Hirsch

Section V. Other Issues

Safety issues during surgical monitoring 882(17)

D.B. MacDonald

V. Deletis

Monitoring the depth of anesthesia 899(10)

G.A. Mashour

C. Rosow

Monitoring of cerebral perfusion with transcranial Doppler ultrasound 909(15)

H.L. Edmonds

Cerebral oximetry as a tools in the operating room and intensive care unit 924(15)

J.R. Balzer

D. Crammond

M. Habeych

R.J. Sclabassi
Subject Index 939