World food : production and use /
副标题：无
作 者：Alfred R. Conklin, Jr., Thomas Stilwell.
分类号：
ISBN：9780470043820
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简介
This book/CD-ROM package provides a global overview of agriculture, discussing all of the primary aspects of food production, and relates that information to human nutritional needs. Emphasis is on crops and animals that are raised and eaten on at least two continents. The book begins with a detailed description of three farms and farm families: one in the Philippines, one in Ecuador, and one in the US. These farms and farmers reappear throughout the book to illustrate differences among farming systems and the ways in which local culture and environment influence food production and use. The CD-ROM contains all of the b&w photos, tables, and drawings from the book, which can be used for student presentations, and also contains recipes that can be used as part of a class. The book is intended as a text for any world food course or for anyone who wishes to learn more about world food production. The authors are professors in the Department of Agriculture at Wilmington College of Ohio. Annotation 漏2007 Book News, Inc., Portland, OR (booknews.com)
目录
Preface p. xi
Representative Farms from Around the World p. 1
The Face of Subsistence Farming in the Philippines: Donio p. 2
The Face of an Ecuadorian Family Farm: Aida and Octavio p. 16
The Face of a Large Commercial Farm in the United States: Steve p. 28
Conclusion: A Concise Comparison p. 38
Questions p. 41
References p. 41
Human Nutrition p. 43
Meals of Farmers p. 43
Introduction p. 45
Energy p. 47
Protein and Amino Acids p. 50
Carbohydrates p. 55
Fats, Oils, and Lipids p. 57
Fiber p. 61
Vitamins p. 62
Minerals p. 67
How the Body Uses Nutrients p. 71
Diets of the Three Farmers p. 72
Conclusions p. 75
Questions p. 75
Bibliography p. 76
Grain Crops p. 77
Food Grains on the Three Farms p. 77
Maize and Sorghum Production p. 80
Wheat and Barley Production p. 92
Rice Production p. 105
Soybean Production p. 115
Other Grains p. 121
Nutrient Content of Crops p. 124
Conclusions p. 125
Questions p. 125
References p. 126
Bibliography p. 127
Vegetables p. 129
Vegetable Production in Each Farming System p. 129
Types of Vegetables and their Uses p. 131
Importance of Vegetables in World Trade p. 133
History p. 134
Cultivation p. 136
Protection p. 141
Leafy Vegetables p. 142
Immature Seeds as Vegetables p. 145
Melons, Squash, and Cucumber p. 148
Petiole and Stem Vegetables p. 150
Root Vegetables p. 153
Other Vegetables p. 156
Transport and Storage of Vegetables p. 160
Conclusions p. 161
Questions p. 162
References p. 162
Bibliography p. 162
Root Crops p. 163
Root Crops on the Three Farms p. 163
Introduction p. 165
Root Crops p. 166
Botanical Descriptions p. 167
Tubers p. 167
Cassava: Modified Roots p. 178
Taro: Corm p. 182
Other Common Root Crops p. 185
Genetically Modified Root Crops p. 187
Nutritional Values of Carbohydrate-Rich Root Crops p. 188
Preparation and Consumption p. 189
Conclusions p. 190
Questions p. 190
Bibliography p. 190
Fruits, Berries, and Nuts p. 193
Fruit, Berry, and Nut Production on the Three Farms p. 193
Introduction p. 195
Tree Fruits p. 196
Tropical Fruits p. 203
Subtropical Fruits p. 209
Temperate Fruits p. 212
Berries p. 214
Nuts p. 218
Coconut p. 225
Other Uses of Fruit and Nut Trees p. 227
Peanuts p. 227
Conclusions p. 230
Questions p. 230
Bibliography p. 231
References p. 231
Farm Animals and Fish p. 233
Animals on the Three Farms p. 233
Importance in World Agriculture p. 235
Animal Production Systems p. 236
Chicken, Duck, and Goose Production p. 237
Cattle and Buffalo Production p. 247
Sheep and Goat Production p. 259
Swine Production p. 269
Aquaculture p. 274
Other Farm Animals p. 280
Nutrition p. 282
Conclusions p. 283
Questions p. 283
References p. 283
Bibliography p. 285
Climate and Food Production p. 287
Climate at the Three Farms p. 287
Climatic Zones of the Three Farms p. 292
Classification of Climatic Zones p. 294
Crop Production and Climate p. 298
Precipitation Patterns and Crop Production p. 302
Day Length p. 306
Length of Growing Season p. 306
Growing Degree Days p. 307
Humidity p. 308
Adverse Weather Conditions p. 308
Climate Change and Possible Effects on Food Production p. 310
Conclusions p. 312
Questions p. 313
References p. 313
Bibliography p. 313
Soils and Water p. 315
Soil on the Three Farms p. 315
Introduction p. 317
Available Land p. 318
Soil Types p. 321
Soil Complexity p. 325
Soil Inorganic Components p. 327
Soil Organic Components p. 329
Soil Basic Fertility p. 331
Soil Erosion p. 334
Water on the Three Farms p. 336
Water and Soil p. 339
Conclusions p. 344
Questions p. 344
Bibliography p. 345
Raw Materials of Agriculture p. 347
Three Farmers p. 347
What Raw Materials do Farmers Use? p. 349
Sunlight p. 350
Oxygen and CO[subscript 2] p. 350
Rainfall p. 350
Roads p. 351
Land p. 354
Buildings p. 357
Equipment p. 358
Labor p. 359
Seed p. 360
Fertilizers: Chemical or Organic p. 363
Weed, Insect, and Disease Control p. 368
Electricity p. 371
Water: Irrigation p. 373
Vaccines and Medicines p. 376
Credit p. 378
Law of Diminishing Returns p. 378
Conclusions p. 380
Questions p. 380
References p. 380
Bibliography p. 381
Increasing Food Supplies p. 383
Malthus: Scaremonger or Prophet? p. 384
Famines p. 384
Effects of Famine Relief p. 386
Green Revolution p. 386
Factors Affecting Food Production p. 389
Agriculture for the Long Term p. 397
Dealing with Population Changes p. 400
Food Security p. 403
Conclusions p. 404
Questions p. 405
References p. 405
Bibliography p. 406
Genetically Modified Crops and Animals p. 407
Three Farmers and Their Crops p. 407
What Does Genetically Modified Mean? p. 409
Brief History of Genetic Modification p. 410
Transgenic Crops p. 415
Future of Transgenic Crops p. 423
Transgenic Animals p. 423
Future of Transgenic Animals p. 425
Conclusions p. 426
Questions p. 426
References p. 426
Bibliography p. 427
Glossary p. 429
Index p. 435
Representative Farms from Around the World p. 1
The Face of Subsistence Farming in the Philippines: Donio p. 2
The Face of an Ecuadorian Family Farm: Aida and Octavio p. 16
The Face of a Large Commercial Farm in the United States: Steve p. 28
Conclusion: A Concise Comparison p. 38
Questions p. 41
References p. 41
Human Nutrition p. 43
Meals of Farmers p. 43
Introduction p. 45
Energy p. 47
Protein and Amino Acids p. 50
Carbohydrates p. 55
Fats, Oils, and Lipids p. 57
Fiber p. 61
Vitamins p. 62
Minerals p. 67
How the Body Uses Nutrients p. 71
Diets of the Three Farmers p. 72
Conclusions p. 75
Questions p. 75
Bibliography p. 76
Grain Crops p. 77
Food Grains on the Three Farms p. 77
Maize and Sorghum Production p. 80
Wheat and Barley Production p. 92
Rice Production p. 105
Soybean Production p. 115
Other Grains p. 121
Nutrient Content of Crops p. 124
Conclusions p. 125
Questions p. 125
References p. 126
Bibliography p. 127
Vegetables p. 129
Vegetable Production in Each Farming System p. 129
Types of Vegetables and their Uses p. 131
Importance of Vegetables in World Trade p. 133
History p. 134
Cultivation p. 136
Protection p. 141
Leafy Vegetables p. 142
Immature Seeds as Vegetables p. 145
Melons, Squash, and Cucumber p. 148
Petiole and Stem Vegetables p. 150
Root Vegetables p. 153
Other Vegetables p. 156
Transport and Storage of Vegetables p. 160
Conclusions p. 161
Questions p. 162
References p. 162
Bibliography p. 162
Root Crops p. 163
Root Crops on the Three Farms p. 163
Introduction p. 165
Root Crops p. 166
Botanical Descriptions p. 167
Tubers p. 167
Cassava: Modified Roots p. 178
Taro: Corm p. 182
Other Common Root Crops p. 185
Genetically Modified Root Crops p. 187
Nutritional Values of Carbohydrate-Rich Root Crops p. 188
Preparation and Consumption p. 189
Conclusions p. 190
Questions p. 190
Bibliography p. 190
Fruits, Berries, and Nuts p. 193
Fruit, Berry, and Nut Production on the Three Farms p. 193
Introduction p. 195
Tree Fruits p. 196
Tropical Fruits p. 203
Subtropical Fruits p. 209
Temperate Fruits p. 212
Berries p. 214
Nuts p. 218
Coconut p. 225
Other Uses of Fruit and Nut Trees p. 227
Peanuts p. 227
Conclusions p. 230
Questions p. 230
Bibliography p. 231
References p. 231
Farm Animals and Fish p. 233
Animals on the Three Farms p. 233
Importance in World Agriculture p. 235
Animal Production Systems p. 236
Chicken, Duck, and Goose Production p. 237
Cattle and Buffalo Production p. 247
Sheep and Goat Production p. 259
Swine Production p. 269
Aquaculture p. 274
Other Farm Animals p. 280
Nutrition p. 282
Conclusions p. 283
Questions p. 283
References p. 283
Bibliography p. 285
Climate and Food Production p. 287
Climate at the Three Farms p. 287
Climatic Zones of the Three Farms p. 292
Classification of Climatic Zones p. 294
Crop Production and Climate p. 298
Precipitation Patterns and Crop Production p. 302
Day Length p. 306
Length of Growing Season p. 306
Growing Degree Days p. 307
Humidity p. 308
Adverse Weather Conditions p. 308
Climate Change and Possible Effects on Food Production p. 310
Conclusions p. 312
Questions p. 313
References p. 313
Bibliography p. 313
Soils and Water p. 315
Soil on the Three Farms p. 315
Introduction p. 317
Available Land p. 318
Soil Types p. 321
Soil Complexity p. 325
Soil Inorganic Components p. 327
Soil Organic Components p. 329
Soil Basic Fertility p. 331
Soil Erosion p. 334
Water on the Three Farms p. 336
Water and Soil p. 339
Conclusions p. 344
Questions p. 344
Bibliography p. 345
Raw Materials of Agriculture p. 347
Three Farmers p. 347
What Raw Materials do Farmers Use? p. 349
Sunlight p. 350
Oxygen and CO[subscript 2] p. 350
Rainfall p. 350
Roads p. 351
Land p. 354
Buildings p. 357
Equipment p. 358
Labor p. 359
Seed p. 360
Fertilizers: Chemical or Organic p. 363
Weed, Insect, and Disease Control p. 368
Electricity p. 371
Water: Irrigation p. 373
Vaccines and Medicines p. 376
Credit p. 378
Law of Diminishing Returns p. 378
Conclusions p. 380
Questions p. 380
References p. 380
Bibliography p. 381
Increasing Food Supplies p. 383
Malthus: Scaremonger or Prophet? p. 384
Famines p. 384
Effects of Famine Relief p. 386
Green Revolution p. 386
Factors Affecting Food Production p. 389
Agriculture for the Long Term p. 397
Dealing with Population Changes p. 400
Food Security p. 403
Conclusions p. 404
Questions p. 405
References p. 405
Bibliography p. 406
Genetically Modified Crops and Animals p. 407
Three Farmers and Their Crops p. 407
What Does Genetically Modified Mean? p. 409
Brief History of Genetic Modification p. 410
Transgenic Crops p. 415
Future of Transgenic Crops p. 423
Transgenic Animals p. 423
Future of Transgenic Animals p. 425
Conclusions p. 426
Questions p. 426
References p. 426
Bibliography p. 427
Glossary p. 429
Index p. 435
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